贺兰山东麓产区葡萄酒中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐检测及膳食暴露评估分析  

Detection of chlorates and perchlorates in wines from the eastern Helan mountain region and dietary exposure assessment

作　　者：杨春霞 张学玲 王芳焕 YANG Chunxia;ZHANG Xueling;WANG Fanghuan(Ningxia Agricultural Products Quality Standards and Testing Technology Research Institute,Yinchuan 750002;Ningxia Food Testing and Research Institute,Yinchuan 750001;Yinchuan Customs Technology Center,Yinchuan 750000)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农产品质量标准与检测技术研究所,银川750002 [2]宁夏回族自治区食品检测研究院,银川750001 [3]银川海关技术中心,银川750000

出　　处：《中国食品添加剂》2025年第1期12-17,共6页China Food Additives

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2022BEG03069);2021年宁夏青年拔尖人才项目。

摘　　要：针对宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐污染现状不明这一问题,采集了贺兰山东麓不同酒庄酿造的331个葡萄酒样品进行污染风险水平摸排。试验优化并建立了固相分散提取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UPLC-MS/MS)仪同时测定氯酸盐和高氯酸盐含量方法,采用点评估法和危害商(HQ)进行膳食暴露风险评估。结果表明:331个葡萄酒样中氯酸盐和高氯酸盐检出率分别为51.1%和98%,浓度范围分别为0~8.10μg/kg和0~0.53 mg/kg,平均值分别为1.16、0.136μg/kg,中位值分别为0.132、0.103μg/kg。人体饮用葡萄酒的氯酸盐和高氯酸盐日均暴露量在0~0.0068、0~0.39μg/kg·d,高氯酸盐超过欧洲食品安全局(EFSA)设定每日容许摄入量0.3μg/kg·d。氯酸盐的HQ小于1的占100%,高氯酸盐的HQ小于1的占98.2%,在这1.8%样品中高氯酸盐对人体可能产生一定的健康风险,氯酸盐健康风险小。To assess the unclear contamination status of chlorates and perchlorates in wines in eastern Helan mountain,Ningxia,a total of 331 wine samples were collected for pollution risk assessment.A method for simultaneous determination of chlorates and perchlorates using solid phase dispersive extraction-UPLC-MS/MS was established and optimized.Dietary exposure risk assessment was conducted using point estimation and hazard quotient(HQ)methods.The results showed that chlorate was detected in 51.1%of samples and the content was ranged from 0 to 8.10μg/kg,with an average of 1.16μg/kg and median value of 0.132μg/kg,perchlorate was found in 98% of samples and content was from 0 to 0.53 mg/kg,with an average of 0.136μg/kg and median of 0.103μg/kg.Dietary exposure assessment revealed average daily intakes of 0~0.0068μg/kg·d for chlorate and 0~0.39μg/kg·d for perchlorate,with perchlorate levels exceed European Food Safety Authority(EFSA)established acceptable daily intake of 0.3μg/kg·d.All samples had an HQ for chlorates less than 1,whereas 98.2% of samples had an HQ for perchlorates below 1.The remaining 1.8%of samples posed a potential health risk to humans regarding perchlorate consumption,while the health risk from chlorates was minimal.

关 键 词：贺兰山东麓 葡萄酒 氯酸盐和高氯酸盐 含量检测 暴露评估 

分 类 号：TS207.5[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TS261.7[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]