3株芽孢杆菌的鉴定及其安全性和益生特性分析  

Identification,safety and probiotic properties of 3 strains of Bacillus

作　　者：韦珏 许力士 吴健敏 秦树英 杨丽华 覃绍敏 朱鹏 陈凤莲 韦珊珊 林俊 杨磊 刘金凤 WEI Jue;XU Lishi;WU Jianmin;QIN Shuying;YANG Lihua;QIN Shaomin;ZHU Peng;CHEN Fenglian;WEI Shanshan;LIN Jun;YANG Lei;LIU Jinfeng(Key Laboratory of China(Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-border Animal Disease Prevention and Control,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology,Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute,Nanning 530001,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;College of Marine Science,Beibu Gulf University,Qinzhou 535011,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区兽医研究所广西兽医生物技术重点实验室农业农村部中国(广西)-东盟跨境动物疫病防控重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [2]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [3]北部湾大学海洋学院,广西钦州535011

出　　处：《中国酿造》2025年第2期177-184,共8页China Brewing

基　　金：广西兽医生物技术重点实验室自主研究课题项目(23-035-32-A-02);广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22068099);广西兽医生物技术重点实验室开放性课题项目(19-50-40-B-06);广西基本科研业务费专项(桂科专项22-7)。

摘　　要：为研究3株分离筛选芽孢杆菌(编号分别为V1、V2、V5)的安全性及其益生特性,通过菌株形态学观察及分子生物学技术对其进行菌种鉴定,采用K-B药敏纸片扩散法和聚合酶链式反应(PCR)法对其进行药物敏感性和耐药基因检测,并对3株芽孢杆菌进行耐热性、抑菌及产酶活性分析。结果表明,菌株V1、V2被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis),菌株V5被鉴定为地衣芽孢杆菌(Bacillus licheniformis)。3株菌对多种抗生素药物敏感,除菌株V5检测到femA、tetA耐药基因外,菌株V1、V2未检出耐药基因。3株菌均可耐受温度60℃。3株芽孢杆菌对猪霍乱沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌O139和大肠杆菌K88均有抑菌作用。3株芽孢杆菌均可产纤维素酶及蛋白酶,菌株V1、V2在96 h、菌株V5在60 h获得最大纤维素酶活,分别为101 U/mL、92.29 U/mL、82.87 U/mL。3株菌分别在48 h、36 h、72 h蛋白酶活最大,分别为75.37 U/mL、78.83 U/mL和15.38 U/mL。研究表明3株芽孢杆菌相对安全,具有较强的耐热、抑菌及产酶等特性。In order to study the safety and probiotic properties of 3 isolated and screened Bacillus strains(numbered as V1,V2,and V5,respectively),these strains were identified by morphological observation and molecular biology techniques,and the drug sensitivity and resistance genes were detected by the K-B drug-sensitive paper diffusion method and the polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method.The heat resistance,bacteriostatic and enzyme-producing activities of 3 Bacillus strains were analyzed.The results showed that strains V1 and V2 were identified as Bacillus velezensis,and strain V5 was identified as Bacillus licheniformis.These 3 strains were sensitive to a variety of antibiotics,and no resistance genes were detected in 2 strains of B.velezensis V1 and V2,except for B.licheniformis V5,for which femA and tetA resistance genes were detected.All 3 strains could withstand 60℃temperature.3 strains of Bacillus had bacteriostatic effects on Salmonella cholerasuis,Staphylococcus aureus,Escherichia coli O139 and Escherichia coli K88,and could produce cellulase and protease.The highest cellulase activities of strains V1、V2 were 101 U/ml and 92.29 U/ml at 96 h,respectively,and the highest cellulase activity of stain V5 reached 82.87 U/ml at 60 h.The highest protease activities of 3 strains of Bacillus were 75.37 U/ml,78.83 U/ml and 15.38 U/ml at 48 h,36 h and 72 h,respectively.The study showed that the 3 strains of Bacillus were relatively safe,with strong heat resistance bacteriostatic and enzyme production properties.

关 键 词：芽孢杆菌 鉴定 安全性 益生特性 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]