研究生推免制度的“拔尖”悖论——一项基于整合性学生发展分析框架的质性研究  

The"Top-notch"Paradox of the Graduate Recommendation System

作　　者：黄亚婷[1] 潘仁同 Huang Yating;Pan Rentong

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《江苏高教》2025年第2期53-61,共9页Jiangsu Higher Education

基　　金：2024年度浙江省科技厅软科学研究计划重点项目“浙江省高校有组织科研的实践机制研究”(2024C25012)。

摘　　要：研究生推免制度运行至今为中国教育强国事业供给了一大批优秀的拔尖人才,既是提高中国研究生招生质量的重要举措,又是中国研究生招生体系的重要部分。“拔尖创新人才”的选拔与培养成为新时代研究生推免制度承载的重要政策使命,结合吉登斯结构二重性理论与学生发展理论构建整合性学生发展分析框架,遵循“动机—过程—结果”的逻辑链条对保研生群体进行“意义-阐释”取向的深度访谈,有助于深描保研生与研究生推免制度的互动图景,探析保研生对研究生推免制度的理性认知与行为策略,深刻反思研究生推免制度的人才选拔与培养成效。研究发现,保研生在与研究生推免制度互动时,呈现出动机上资源优势触发理性选择、过程上“内卷”规则制约学习策略、结果上“拔尖创新”制度目标偏移的三重链式制度背离,指向了保研制度的“拔尖”悖论。研究生推免制度优化关涉理念、机制与元评价等方面,应革新“拔尖创新”的评价理念,着力创设多元自由的评价机制,加强对人才评价体系的元评价。Since the operation of the graduate student recommendation and exemption system,it has provided a large number of outstanding top-notch talents in China's endeavor to build a powerful country through education.It is not only an important measure to improve the quality of graduate admissions but also an integral part of the graduate admission system in China.The selection and cultivation of"top-notch innovative talents"has become a crucial policy and mission of the graduate recommendation system in the new era.By constructing an integrated student development analysis framework based on Giddens'structuration theory and student development theory,and following a logic chain of motivation-process-outcome,in-depth interviews with the graduate recommendation candidates are conducted from a"meaning-interpretation"perspective.This helps to deeply depict the interactive landscape between the graduate recommendation candidates and the system,analyze the rational cognition and behavioral strategies of the candidates towards the system,and critically reflect on the talent selection and cultivation effectiveness of the graduate recommendation system.The study reveals that when graduate recommendation candidates interact with the system,they exhibit a threefold institutional discrepancy referred to as the"top-notch"paradox where motivation triggers rational choices,"internal competition"rules restrict learning strategies,and system goals of"top-notch innovation"are deviated.To optimize the graduate recommendation system,changes are needed in terms of principles,mechanisms,and meta-assessment.It is necessary to innovate the evaluation concept of"top-notch innovation",establish diverse and free evaluation mechanisms,and enhance meta-assessment of the talent evaluation system.

关 键 词：研究生推免制度 拔尖创新人才 “拔尖”悖论 学生发展理论 

分 类 号：G643[文化科学—高等教育学]