开放教育与职业教育融合的理论、实践和趋势  

Theory,Practice and Trends of the Integration of Open Education and Vocational Education

作　　者：袁文武[1] 李志香[1] Yuan Wenwu;Li Zhixiang(Experimental School,The Open University of China,Beijing 100039,China)

机构地区：[1]国家开放大学实验学院,北京100039

出　　处：《继续教育研究》2025年第2期11-17,共7页Continuing Education Research

基　　金：中华职业教育社第二届黄炎培职业教育思想研究规划一般课题“黄炎培大职业教育观视野下职业教育与开放教育协同的时代价值、现实困境与实践进路”(编号:ZJS2024YB204);中国成人教育协会“十四五”成人继续教育科研规划2023年度一般课题“开放教育与职业教育融合的理论支撑、实践模式和演进趋势”(编号:2023-771Y);中国成人教育协会“十四五”成人教育科研规划2021年度重点B类课题“‘综合素养+职业能力’人才培养模式研究”(编号:2021-302ZB)。

摘　　要：厘清开放教育与职业教育融合的理论支撑、实践模式和演进趋势,对于解决开放大学办学体系存在的“两校一体”模式具有较强的现实意义,更有助于服务构建更加完善的终身教育体系。结合现有研究文献,归纳出终身教育的诞生、兴起、体系构建、理念深化、多元化与国际化等五个理论发展阶段,析出继续教育与职业教育在政策上的联动为“交叉→沟通→互通→衔接→贯通→协同”;围绕终身教育理论的全民性、连续性、整体性、灵活性、补偿性、发展性等六个内在价值要求,辨析了终身教育理论是实现开放教育与职业教育融合的理论支撑;通过调研分析了省市开放大学“两校一体”模式的现实情况,按照课程体系的融合深度将“两校一体”融合的实践模式划分为“并行模式、替换模式、衔接模式、一体模式”。围绕“摆脱理论困境,完善终身教育立法”“强化顶层设计,提升融合演进时效”“用好三条纽带,搭建融合关键路径”提出建议与对策。Clarifying the theoretical support,practical models,and evolutionary trends of the integration of open education and vocational education has significantly practical implications for addressing the“dual-institution”model existing in the open university system,and is conducive to serving the construction of a more comprehensive lifelong education system.Based on existing research literature,five theoretical development stages of lifelong education are summarized:birth,rise,system construction,concept deepening,diversification and internationalization.The policy linkage between continuing education and vocational education is analyzed as“overlapping→communication→mutual understanding→connection→integration→collaboration”.Centered on the six intrinsic value requirements of lifelong education theory--universality,continuity,integrity,flexibility,compensation,and development--it analyzes lifelong education theory as the theoretical support for the integration of open education and vocational education.Through research and analysis of the actual situation of the“dual-institution”model in provincial and municipal open universities,the practical models of“dual-institution”integration are divided into“parallel model,replacement model,connection model,and integrated model”according to the depth of curriculum system integration.Finally,suggestions and countermeasures are proposed with the focus on“breaking away from theoretical dilemmas,improving lifelong education legislation”,“strengthening top-level design to enhance the timeliness of integration evolution”,and“using three bonds well to build key paths for integration”.

关 键 词：开放教育 职业教育 终身教育理论 实践模式 演进趋势 

分 类 号：G724[文化科学—成人教育学]