黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥对木耳菜生长及土壤的影响  

Effects of Soybean Whey Wastewater-Abalone Viscera Organic Fertilizer on the Growth and Soil of Malabar Spinach

作　　者：吴敏 纪梦雅 陈艺雯 张捷凯 章骞[1] 翁凌[1] 曹敏杰[1] WU Min;JI Mengya;CHEN Yiwen;ZHANG Jiekai;ZHANG Qian;WENG Ling;CAO Minjie(College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China)

机构地区：[1]集美大学海洋食品与生物工程学院,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《集美大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第1期20-29,共10页Journal of Jimei University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系贝类岗位科学家项目“贝类副产物综合利用”(CARS-49)。

摘　　要：为探究化肥减量结合有机肥配施对蔬菜生长及土壤的影响,以木耳菜(Basella alba L.)为研究对象,开展黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥部分替代尿素的田间实验。设置4个不同比例(对照(CK)、20%替代(SW-20)、40%替代(SW-40)和60%替代(SW-60))有机肥氮替代尿素氮处理。结果表明:与CK组相比,SW-40处理组对木耳菜的整体生长发育效果最好,株高、根长、叶片数、叶面积、鲜质量和干质量等分别提高8.71%、30.82%、30.29%、36.96%、46.10%、37.67%,L^(*)值(亮度)、a^(*)值(黄青色度)、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、抗坏血酸、总酚、类黄酮、可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白质含量分别提高4.05%、6.05%、12.26%、2.92%、9.80%、6.73%、6.43%、24.07%、3.15%;SW-60处理组的土壤电导率降低42.33%,有机质和碱解氮含量分别提高23.25%、13.33%。可见,黄浆水-鲍鱼内脏有机肥能够有效促进木耳菜的生长发育,改善土壤质量。同时,SW-40处理对木耳菜生长效果最佳,SW-60处理对土壤肥力提高最有效。In order to explore the effects of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer application on the growth of malabar spinach Basella alba L.and soil property,a field experiment was conducted to replace urea with soybean whey wastewater-abalone viscera organic fertilizer(SWWAVF).Four different proportions of organic nitrogen,control(CK),20%replacement(SW-20),40%replacement(SW-40)and 60%replacement(SW-60)were set up to replace urea nitrogen.The results showed that compared with CK,the SW-40 treatment showed the best effect on the overall growth and development of malabar spinach,and plant height,root length,number of leaves,leaf area,fresh weight and dry weight increased by 8.71%,30.82%,30.29%,36.96%,46.10%and 37.67%,respectively.Meanwhile,the indexes of L^(*)value,a^(*)value,the contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid,ascorbic acid,total phenol,flavonoid,soluble sugar and soluble protein increased by 4.05%,6.05%,12.26%,2.92%,9.80%,6.73%,6.43%,24.07%and 3.15%,respectively.Compared with CK,the soil electrical conductivity of the SW-60 treatment decreased by 42.33%,while the contents of organic matter and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen increased by 23.25%and 13.33%,respectively.The results indicated that application of SWWAVF effectively promote the growth and development of malabar spinach and improve soil quality.The SW-40 treatment had the best effect on the growth of malabar spinach,and the SW-60 treatment could effectively improve the soil fertility.

关 键 词：黄浆水 鲍鱼内脏 有机肥 木耳菜 生长发育 

分 类 号：S636.9[农业科学—蔬菜学]