含黏弹性阻尼的架桥机制动系统非线性动力学特性分析  

Analysis of nonlinear dynamic characteristics of braking system for bridge erection machine with viscoelastic damping

作　　者：王翠艳[1] 石少轩 王明昊 陈恩利[1] 曲兴业 WANG Cuiyan;SHI Shaoxuan;WANG Minghao;CHEN Enli;QU Xingye(Shijiazhuang State Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and System Safety of Traffic Engineering Structures,Shijiazhuang Tiedao University,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050043,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄铁道大学省部共建交通工程结构力学行为与系统安全国家重点实验室,河北石家庄050043

出　　处：《江苏大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期221-230,共10页Journal of Jiangsu University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(12072205);中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(206Z1901G)。

摘　　要：为了准确揭示架桥机制动系统的非线性动力学行为,建立了含黏弹性阻尼的非恒定摩擦系数的制动系统动力学模型,使用Caputo分数阶微分模型表征制动系统的黏弹性阻尼特性,推导得到该模型黏弹性阻尼的等效阻尼系数和等效刚度系数.基于Lyapunov稳定性理论,得到了系统定常解的稳定条件,并建立了系统周期运动的存在条件.通过数值计算得到系统的分岔图、相图与Poincaré映射,探究了制动力与黏弹性阻尼对系统非线性动力学行为的影响.结果表明:架桥机在现场运梁过程中,制动系统会出现复杂的非线性动力学现象,改变制动力与黏弹性阻尼系数,可以同时改变制动系统的振幅、刚度特性、阻尼效应、产生周期运动的范围与分岔特性,从而对系统的工作稳定性和工作寿命产生复杂的影响.To reveal the nonlinear dynamic behaviors of the braking system for bridge erection machines,the dynamic model of braking system with non-constant friction coefficient and viscoelastic damping was established.The viscoelastic damping was characterized by the Caputo fractional differential model,and the equivalent damping coefficient and equivalent stiffness coefficient of the viscoelastic damping were deduced.Based on the Lyapunov stability theory,the stability conditions of the steady-state solution were obtained,and the existence conditions for the periodic motion of system were established.The bifurcation diagram,phase diagram and Poincaré diagram of the system were obtained by numerical solutions.The effects of viscoelastic damping and braking force on the nonlinear dynamics properties of system were discussed.The results show that there are complex nonlinear dynamic behaviors in the bridge girder erection machine.The vibration amplitude,stiffness characteristics,damping effects,range of generated periodic motion and bifurcation characteristics of the braking system can be simultaneously affected by changing the braking force and viscoelastic damping parameters,which has complex influence on the working stability and working life of system.

关 键 词：架桥机 制动系统 干摩擦 分数阶 黏弹性阻尼 

分 类 号：TH215[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] O322[理学—一般力学与力学基础]