家庭不文明行为对员工沉默行为的影响  

The Effects of Family Incivility on Employee Silence Behavior

作　　者：贾汇源 姚进玲 郑茗月 褚福磊 JIA Huiyuan;YAO Jinling;ZHENG Mingyue;CHU Fulei(College of Business Administration,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学工商管理学院,北京100071

出　　处：《管理科学》2024年第4期98-108,共11页Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(72002139,72072121);北京市教育委员会社科计划(SM202210038015)。

摘　　要：在面对工作压力时,家庭是工作的避风港。而面对家庭压力时,工作是否也能成为家庭问题的避难所,答案可能并非如此。虽然工作场所给个体提供了一个远离家庭压力源的空间,但是家庭压力源的负面效应也会从家庭领域溢出到工作领域,对员工的心理状态和工作行为产生影响。家庭不文明行为是一种普遍存在于家庭生活中的压力源,是家庭领域中一类强度较低、意图不明确的不当行为。这种压力源主要源于家庭成员之间的人际冲突,而沉默策略是个体应对冲突的一种关键策略。本研究基于工作-家庭资源模型与自我控制能量模型,提出家庭不文明行为的负面效应会溢出到工作场所,通过引发自我损耗进而导致员工在工作中的沉默行为。此外,组织互动公平会在缓解这一负面效应中起到关键作用。通过线上数据收集的方式,对239名员工进行连续三次的追踪调查。研究通过层次回归、bootstrap方法和调节作用分析方法对结果进行检验。结果表明,家庭不文明行为正向影响员工沉默行为,员工的自我损耗在这一关系中起中介作用。此外,互动公平能够削弱自我损耗对员工沉默行为的影响,并削弱家庭不文明行为通过自我损耗对员工沉默行为的间接影响。研究结论挑战了工作是家庭问题的避难所的传统观点,验证了家庭不文明行为在工作场所的溢出效应。此外,本研究的结论还将员工沉默行为的研究视角扩展至家庭领域,为理解员工沉默行为的前因提供了新的理论维度,并揭示了互动公平在缓解家庭不文明行为在工作场所的溢出效应中的关键作用。本研究的结论提示管理者需加强对员工家庭情况的关注,并采取措施提升组织互动公平,以降低家庭不文明行为在工作场所中的负面效应。When individuals experience work stress,family often serves as a refuge.However,whether work can similarly serve as a refuge from family issues?The answer may not be so straightforward.Although the workplace provides individuals with a space away from family stressors,the negative effects of family stressors can still spill over into the work domain,affecting employees′psychological states and work behaviors.Family incivility is a common stressor in family life,characterized by low-intensity,ambiguous inappropriate behaviors within the family domain.This stressor primarily arises from interpersonal conflicts among family members.And silence is a key coping strategy in response to such conflicts.Based on the work-family resource model and self-control energy model,this study proposed that the negative effects of family incivility will spill over to the workplace.And through causing ego depletion,it leaded to employees′silent behavior at work.This study conducted a three-wave longitudinal on-line survey involving 239 employees.And the results were examined using hierarchical regression,the bootstrap method,and moderation analysis.The results show that family incivility is positively associated with employees silence behavior,with ego depletion mediates such relationship.Additionally,interactional justice weakens the effect of ego depletion on silence behavior and weakens the indirect effect of family incivility on silence behavior through ego depletion.The findings of this study challenge the traditional view that“work is a refuge from family issues”,testing the spillover effect of family incivility into the workplace.Furthermore,this study broadened the research perspective on silence behavior by extending it to the family domain,providing a new theoretical dimension for understanding the antecedents of silence behavior.It also highlights the critical role of interactional justice in diminishing the spillover effect of family incivility.The findings suggest that managers should give more attention to emplo

关 键 词：家庭不文明行为 沉默行为 自我损耗 互动公平 工作-家庭资源模型 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]