基于体外发酵研究脱镁叶绿素对高脂饮食诱导小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用  

The regulating effect of pheophytins on mice gut microflora induced with high-fat diet based on in vitro fermentation

作　　者：曾全恒 王元楷 周纯洁 陈玉瑶 庄子越 张文华 蔡甜 陈科伟[1,2,6] ZENG Quanheng;WANG Yuankai;ZHOU Chunjie;CHEN Yuyao;ZHUANG Ziyue;ZHANG Wenhua;CAI Tian;CHEN Kewei(College of Food Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chinese-Hungarian Cooperative Research Centre for Food Science,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control,Chongqing 401121,China;Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation,Chongqing 401121,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Specialty Food Co-Built by Sichuan and Chongqing,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学食品科学学院,重庆400715 [2]中匈食品科学合作研究中心,重庆400715 [3]重庆市食品药品检验检测研究院,重庆401121 [4]国家市场监管重点实验室(调味品监管技术),重庆401121 [5]西南大学化学化工学院,重庆400715 [6]川渝共建特色食品重庆市重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2025年第5期126-133,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFE0116100);重庆市科委基础研究与前沿探索项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0633);西南大学创新研究2035先导计划重点项目(SWU-XDZD22007)。

摘　　要：叶绿素可以影响高脂饮食诱导的肠道菌群结构,缓解肥胖和改善炎症,但相关作用还需要深入探究。该研究采用体外厌氧模式,向高脂饮食诱导的小鼠粪便肠道菌群中添加脱镁叶绿素,进一步探究脱镁叶绿素对高脂饮食诱导的肠道菌群调节作用。发酵48 h后,运用16S rRNA微生物组学,超高效液相色谱/四极杆飞行时间质谱靶向测定短链脂肪酸,非靶向代谢组学研究脱镁叶绿素a和脱镁叶绿酸a,对上述小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用。结果表明,相比于空白组,脱镁叶绿素组在门水平上能够降低变形菌门(Proteobacteria)丰度,提高厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)丰度,属水平上显著抑制致病菌(P<0.05)埃希氏-志贺菌属(Escherichia-Shigella)丰度。短链脂肪酸测定结果表明,脱镁叶绿素能促进高脂饮食诱导的肠道菌群产生短链脂肪酸,其中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸含量显著提升(P<0.05)。非靶向代谢组学分析显示,高脂粪菌受到脱镁叶绿素额外作用后可产生脂类化合物、氨基衍生物、胆汁酸盐等代谢物,并且还能产生抗生素类物质(istamycin AO、夫西地酸、庆大霉素C1等)。综上,脱镁叶绿素能够调节高脂饮食诱导的肠道菌群结构与代谢,对机体健康具有潜在有益影响。Chlorophyll could influence the structure of gut microflora induced with high-fat diet,alleviating obesity and improving inflammation,but the related effects still need further exploration.This research employed an in vitro anaerobic model to introduce pheophytins into the fecal microflora of mice which fed with high-fat diet,thereby delving deeper into the regulatory effect of pheophytins on the high fat diet induced microflora.After 48 hours of fermentation,we conducted the 16S rRNA microbiome,targeted metabolomics of short-chain fatty acids and untargeted metabolomics with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.The object was to examine the regulatory effects of pheophytin a and pheophorbide a on the microflora of the high fat diet induced mice.The results indicated that compared to the control group,the group treated with pheophytins could reduce the abundance of Proteobacteria at the phylum level and increase the abundance of Firmicutes.At the genus level,it significantly inhibited the abundance of the pathogen Escherichia-Shigella(P<0.05).The determination of short-chain fatty acids revealed that pheophytins could promote the high fat induced microflora to produce the short-chain fatty acids,of which acetic acid,propionic acid and butyric acid contents increased significantly(P<0.05).Untargeted metabolomics analysis showed that extra pheophytins affected the high-fat diet induced microflora by producing lipoid substance,amino derivatives,bile acid salt and antibiotic substances(istamycin AO,fusidic acid,gentamicin C1…).Overall,pheophytins have the potential to regulate the structure and metabolism of high-fat diet induced microflora,with potential beneficial effects on overall health.

关 键 词：高脂饮食 体外发酵 脱镁叶绿素a 脱镁叶绿酸a 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]