竹叶可溶性膳食纤维的高效提取及其结构、功能特性分析  

Efficient extraction of soluble dietary fiber from bamboo leaves and analysis of its structure and function

作　　者：金书涵 崔蓬勃 姚雨馨 张建友[1] 吕飞[1] JIN Shuhan;CUI Pengbo;YAO Yuxin;ZHANG Jianyou;LYU Fei(College of Food Science and Technology,Zhejiang University of Technology,Hangzhou 310014,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江工业大学食品科学与工程学院,浙江杭州310014

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2025年第5期203-210,共8页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C02081);浙江省农业农村厅三农九方项目(2024SNJF049)。

摘　　要：为提高竹叶可溶性膳食纤维(soluble dietary fiber,SDF)提取率,该文以毛竹叶为研究对象,比较分析热水浸提法(W)、蒸汽爆破法(SE)、六偏磷酸钠法(C)和蒸汽爆破联合六偏磷酸钠法(SEC)提取竹叶可溶性膳食纤维的提取率及其结构和功能特性。结果表明,SEC组提取的SDF提取率最高(51.15%),其次是C、SE、W。蒸汽爆破与六偏磷酸钠对SDF结构、组成变化造成的影响不同,SEC组的SDF结构最为复杂,粒径最小且zeta-电位绝对值最高,分别是434.90 nm、-20.37 mV。两者联合提取的SDF有更优的功能特性,其葡萄糖吸附能力、胆固醇吸附能力与羟自由基清除能力最优,分别为(52.04±0.19)%、(57.14±0.73)%(pH=2)、(62.53±5.31)%(pH=7)、(95.50±1.46)%。研究结果为毛竹叶可溶性膳食纤维提取与应用提供了理论依据与数据支撑。To improve the extraction rate of soluble dietary fiber(SDF)from moso bamboo leaves,the extraction rates,structural and functional characteristics of soluble dietary fiber from bamboo leaves extracted by hot water extraction method,steam explosion method,sodium hexametaphosphate extraction method,and steam explosion-assisted sodium hexametaphosphate extraction method were compared and analyzed.Results showed that the extraction efficiency of the steam explosion-assisted sodium hexametaphosphate extraction method was the highest(51.15%),followed by the sodium hexametaphosphate method,steam explosion method,and hot water extraction method.The structure and composition of SDF were different between the steam explosion and the sodium hexametaphosphate explosion.The SDF with the combined method had the most complex structure,the smallest particle size and the highest absolute value of zeta-potential,which were 434.90 nm and-20.37 mV,respectively.The SDF extracted by the combined method had better functional properties and glucose adsorption capacity,cholesterol adsorption capacity,and·OH radical scavenging capacity were the best,which were(52.04±0.19)%,(57.14±0.73)%(pH=2),(62.53±5.31)%(pH=7),and(95.50±1.46)%,respectively.The results provide a theoretical basis and data support for the extraction and application of soluble dietary fiber from moso bamboo leaves.

关 键 词：毛竹叶 可溶性膳食纤维 蒸汽爆破 六偏磷酸钠法 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]