Fighting hypoxia to improve photodynamic therapy-driven immunotherapy:Alleviating,exploiting and disregarding  

作　　者：Liangliang Jia Ye Hong Xinyu He Ying Zhou Liujiao Ren Hongjun Du Bin Zhao Bin Qin Zhe Yang Di Gao 

机构地区：[1]The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering of Ministry of Education,School of Life Science and Technology,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China [2]Center of Digestive Endoscopy,Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital,Xi'an 710061,China [3]Research Institute of Xi'an Jiaotong University,Hangzhou 311200,China [4]Department of Gastroenterology,Second Affiliated Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710004,China [5]Department of Ophthalmology,Xijing Hospital,Xi'an 710032,China [6]Department of Epidemiology,Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital,Xi'an 710061,China

出　　处：《Chinese Chemical Letters》2025年第2期29-40,共12页中国化学快报(英文版)

基　　金：supported by the Qin Chuangyuan Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)and Innovation Research and Development Project of Shaanxi Provincial Administration of TCM(No.2022-QCYZH-017);Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LY24E030010);Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(Nos.2022JM183,2024JC-YBMS-272);the Shaanxi Fundamental Science Research Project for Chemistry&Biology(No.22JHQ072);Shaanxi Provincial Key R&D Program(No.2022SF-342HZ);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Nos.xzy012022037,xzy012023002);the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province(No.2023BSHYDZZ05);Foundation by Shaanxi Provincial Administration of TCM(No.2021-ZZ-JC032)。

摘　　要：Innovative anti-cancer therapies that activate the immune system show promise in combating cancers resistant to conventional treatments.Photodynamic therapy(PDT)is one such treatment,which not only directly eliminates tumor cells but also functions as an in situ tumor vaccine by enhancing tumor immunogenicity and triggering anti-tumor immune responses through immunogenic cell death(ICD).However,the effectiveness of PDT in enhancing immune responses is influenced by factors,such as photosensitizers and the tumor microenvironment,particularly hypoxia.Current clinically used PDT heavily relies on oxygen(O_(2))availability and can be limited by tumor hypoxia.Additionally,the tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment induced by hypoxia affects the anti-tumor immunity of tumor-infiltrating effector T cells.Meanwhile,the immunosuppressive myeloid-lineage cells are recruited to the hypoxic tumor tissue and exhibit higher immunosuppressive capabilities under hypoxia conditions.Consequently,numerous strategies have been developed to modulate tumor hypoxia or to create hypoxia-compatible PDT,aiming to reduce the effects of tumor hypoxia on PDT-driven immunotherapy.This review investigates these strategies,including approaches to alleviate,exploit,and disregard tumor hypoxia within the context of PDT/immunotherapy.It also emphasizes the role of advanced nanomedicine and its benefits in these strategies,while outlining current challenges and future prospects in the field.

关 键 词：Photodynamic therapy Tumor hypoxia IMMUNOTHERAPY Immunogenic cell death PHOTOSENSITIZERS NANOMEDICINE 

分 类 号：R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]