人口变动背景下基础教育资源配置:特征、挑战与应对  

Allocation of Basic Educational Resources in the Context of Population Changes:Characteristics,Challenges,and Response

作　　者：陈友华 杨慧康 CHEN Youhua;YANG Huikang

机构地区：[1]东南大学人文学院,江苏南京211102 [2]南京大学社会学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《北京行政学院学报》2025年第1期107-117,共11页Journal of Beijing administration institute

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“人口高质量发展视角下积极应对老龄化问题研究”(23&ZD186)。

摘　　要：未来一段时间,人口的出生和迁移变动将对我国基础教育学龄人口产生持续影响,引发基础教育资源配置的总量过剩与结构失衡风险,亟需建立同人口变化相协调的基本公共教育服务供给机制。在此背景下,各区域在基础教育资源配置优化时,需结合当地学龄人口变动特点与模式,在公平、效率等价值原则中做出权衡取舍;也可以围绕学校、学生、教师、经费等教育资源要素,以弹性伸缩、适应协同、连通共享以及跨区配置为出发点,探索与构建一系列应对策略。在基础教育学龄人口变动剧烈的区域,应加快推进教育体制机制的改革与创新。In the foreseeable future,changes in population birth and migration will have a continuous impact on China's school-age population for basic education,which will lead to risks of overall surplus and structural imbalance in the allocation of basic educational resources.It is thus urgent to establish a basic public education service supply mechanism coordinated with population changes.In this context,when the allocation of basic education resources is optimized in various regions,it is necessary to take into account the characteristics and patterns of changes in local school-age population and to make trade-offs between value principles such as fairness and efficiency;it is also possible to explore and construct a series of response strategies around elements of educational resources such as schools,students,teachers,and funding,on the basis of flexible scaling,adaptive collaboration,shared connectivity,and cross-regional allocation.In regions with significant changes in the school-age population for basic education,it is required to accelerate the reform and innovation of the education system and mechanism.

关 键 词：人口变动 基础教育 教育资源配置 回旋空间 

分 类 号：C924.2[社会学—人口学] G52[文化科学—教育学]