为何欺凌者“屡教不改”?——校园欺凌循环发生的文化根源及系统防治  

Why Do Bullies"Keep Being Warned Yet Never Change"?--The Cultural Roots of the Cycle of School Bullying and Its Precise Prevention and Treatment

作　　者：石亚兵 解艳飞 余庆 SHI Yabing;XIE Yanfei;YU Qing(School of Education,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,321004,China;Zhejiang Basic Education Research Center,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua,321004,China;Institute of Sociology,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100732,China;School of Education,Soochow University,Suzhou,215032,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学高质量教育发展研究院 [2]浙江师范大学浙江省基础教育研究中心,金华321004 [3]浙江师范大学教育学院,金华321004 [4]苏州大学教育学院,苏州215032

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2025年第2期64-83,共20页Global Education

基　　金：2021年教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“校园欺凌的情感治理研究”(项目编号:21YJC880053);2025年度浙江省哲学社会科学规划重点课题“数智时代乡村学生游戏成瘾的形成机制与协同治理研究”(项目编号:25NDJC004Z);2020年度浙江省哲学社会科学规划课题“校园欺凌的校本治理机制创新研究”(项目编号:20NDQN262YB);中国教育学会2022年度教育科研重点规划课题“基于义务教育新课标的中小学教师教材理解研究”(项目编号:202200011702A)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：尽管国家有关部门重视,学校、家庭和社会各界关注和竭力防治,校园欺凌事件仍层出不穷,且存在大量欺凌者“屡教不改”的现象。遗憾的是,学术界缺乏对这一现象的关注,已有研究对校园欺凌的归因也无法解释校园欺凌的循环发生和欺凌者的“屡教不改”。为此,本研究以初中生小明为核心线索,纵向追踪了小明作为欺凌者在三次欺凌事件中“屡教不改”的行为逻辑和内在困境。研究发现,学校、家庭和社会均在不同程度上影响校园欺凌的发生,也首次揭示了不同影响因素与校园欺凌之间的相关性。具体来说,社会文化中的不利因素是“弱相关”,为欺凌的发生提供了土壤和生长空间;学校与家庭构成“强相关”,其中欺凌者与被欺凌者的两种家庭文化衍生了不同类型的群体,构成了欺凌行为发生的直接根源;学校是欺凌循环发生的“炮架”,其异体同构的处理方式不见其效,反而助推了欺凌行为的发生和升级。防止欺凌者“屡教不改”现象的发生、阻断欺凌循环链条,需围绕“强相关”构建系统防治体系。Despite the attention and efforts of relevant national departments,schools,families,and various sectors of society to prevent and control bullying,incidents of campus bullying continue to emerge one after another,and there is a large number of bullies who refuse to reform despite repeated warnings.Unfortunately,there is a lack of attention from the academic community to this phenomenon,and the existing attribution of campus bullying cannot explain the cycle of campus bullying and the repeated failure of bullies to reform.Therefore,this study takes junior high school student Xiaoming as the core clue and longitudinally tracks Xiaoming's behavior logic and internal dilemma of"repeatedly refusing to change"as a bully in three bullying incidents.Through research,it has been found that schools,families,and society all have varying degrees of influence on the occurrence of campus bullying,and for the first time,the correlation between different influencing factors and campus bullying has been revealed.Specifically,unfavorable factors in social culture provide soil and growth space for the occurrence of bullying,which is a""weak correlation";School and family form a"strong correlation",in which the two types of family cultures of bullies and victims give rise to different groups,forming the direct root cause of bullying behavior.School is the""cannon"for the cycle of bullying,and its heterogeneous and isomorphic approach is ineffective and harmful,promoting the occurrence and escalation of bullying behavior.To prevent the occurrence of bullies who refuse to reform despite repeated warnings and to block the cycle of bullying,it is necessary to establish a systematic governance system supported by school,family,and society collaboration.

关 键 词：校园欺凌 屡教不改 社会不利因素 强弱相关 家校共育 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]