上海市嘉定区初中、普通高中及职业高中新生性教育态度、性教育现状及相关因素分析  

Attitudes,current status and related factors towards sex education among middle school,high school and vocational high school freshmen in Jiading District,Shanghai Municipality

作　　者：赵冬梅 朱婷玉 国献丽[1] 宋魏[1] 王海琪[1] ZHAO Dongmei;ZHU Tingyu;GUO Xianli;SONG Wei;WANG Haiqi(Jiading District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Shanghai 201821,China;School of Public Health,Fudan University,Key Laboratory of Health Technology Evaluation,National Health Commission(Fudan University),Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市嘉定区妇幼保健院,上海201821 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,国家卫生健康委员会卫生技术评估重点实验室(复旦大学),上海200032

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2024年第11期1300-1305,共6页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：嘉定区第五批医学重点学科:青春期保健(2020-jdyxzdfcxk-02);嘉定区卫健委课题:青少年性与生殖健康服务模式探究(2021-KY-23)

摘　　要：目的 了解上海市嘉定区初中、普通高中及职业高中新生的性教育态度以及性教育现状,为青少年保健服务提供依据。方法 采用方便结合整群抽样的方法在上海市嘉定区抽取初中、普通高中、职业高中各1所,对1 051名新生进行包含青春期性与生殖健康相关知识、性教育态度以及性教育现状的问卷调查。采用非参数检验和χ^(2)检验分别对连续性变量和分类变量进行单因素分析。应用多因素二元logistic回归模型分析性教育态度的影响因素。结果 不同学校类型新生性与生殖健康知识合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。性教育态度越积极的青少年性与生殖健康知识得分也越高(Z=-8.509,P<0.001)。青少年中接受来自学校、父亲、母亲性教育的占比分别为83.5%、33.6%、51.2%,家庭性教育相对不足。职业高中新生接受学校性教育的占比最低(75.4%)、普通高中新生占比最高(92.2%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同学校类型新生接受来自母亲性教育的占比差异有统计学意义(P=0.003)。75.6%的青少年对接受性教育的态度较积极,logistic回归分析表明女生(OR=1.434,95%CI:1.016~2.023,P=0.040)、接受学校性教育(OR=1.844,95%CI:1.263~2.809,P=0.002)、性与生殖健康知识合格(OR=2.389,95%CI:1.734~3.292,P<0.001)、对性行为态度保守(OR=4.315,95%CI:2.924~6.367,P<0.001)的青少年性教育态度更积极;普通高中(OR=3.104,95%CI:1.977~4.873,P<0.001)及职业高中新生(OR=2.420,95%CI:1.664~3.519,P<0.001)性教育态度较初中生更积极。结论 上海市嘉定区青少年中职业高中新生最缺乏性教育,青少年接受性教育的态度有待进一步提升,学校和家庭应为青少年提供适宜的综合保健服务,改善青少年接受性教育的积极性,提升性教育效果。Objective To understand the attitudes towards and current status of sex education among middle school,high school and vocational high school freshmen in Jiading District,Shanghai Municipality,and to provide a basis for adolescent health care services.Methods A convenient cluster sampling method was used to select one middle school,one high school and one vocational high regarding school in Jiading District,Shanghai Municipality.We conducted a questionnaire survey regarding knowledge related to adolescent sexual and reproductive health,attitudes towards sex education and current status of sex education among 1,051 new students.Non parametric tests andχ^(2) tests were employed to conduct univariate analysis on continuous variables and categorical variables respectively.A multivariate binary logistic regression model was applied to analyzing the factors influencing attitudes towards sex education.Results There was a statistically significant difference in the qualified rate of sexual and reproductive health knowledge among new students from different types of schools(P<0.001).Adolescents with more positive attitudes towards sex education also scored higher in terms of sexual and reproductive health knowledge(Z=-8.509,P<0.001).The proportions of adolescents who received sex education from schools,fathers,and mothers were 83.5%,33.6%and 51.2%respectively.Family sex education was relatively insufficient.The proportion of vocational high school freshmen receiving school sex education was the lowest(75.4%),while the proportion of high school freshmen was the highest(92.2%),with a statistically significant difference(P<0.001).There was a statistically significant difference in the proportion of receiving sex education from mothers among freshmen from different types of schools(P=0.003).75.6%of the adolescents had a positive attitude towards receiving sex education.Logistic regression analysis revealed that female students(OR=1.434,95%CI:1.016-2.023,P=0.040),adolescents who received school sex education(OR=1.844,95%CI:1.2

关 键 词：青少年 性教育 态度 性与生殖健康知识 学校 家长 

分 类 号：G479[文化科学—教育学]