主体性哲学视角下校长工作负担的形成与消减  

The Formation and Reduction of Principals'Workload from the Perspective of Subjective Philosophy

作　　者：刘建[1] 陈林 LIU Jian;CHEN Lin(School of Teacher Education,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023;Anyi Experimental School,Baoying County,Yangzhou 225899)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学教师教育学院,南京210023 [2]江苏省宝应县安宜实验学校,扬州225899

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2025年第2期69-75,共7页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：2023年度国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“新时代中小学校党组织领导的校长负责制实施研究”(BFA230089)的部分成果。

摘　　要：主体性是校长办学治校、管理创新的关键,学校发展需要校长的主体性彰显。主体性就是对各种客体对象、行动规则以及与自己关系的各种模式的确定。但基于“全能型”知识型主体、“规训型”权力型主体、“圣人型”伦理型主体塑造,校长主体性被遮蔽,身心负担日益沉重。为此,校长要以主体性所需要的“主动性”应对“全能型”要求、以“个体性”破解“规训型”机制、以“创造性”消解“圣人型”压力,使主体性解蔽并得到确认;继而通过直言澄清校长工作边界,揭示学校“真相”;通过反思充实校长工作形象,开展个性工作;通过修身实践提升校长道德,形成一种校长生存美学;最终使校长主体性得以形成,校长负担得到切实消减,从而促进学校高质量发展。Subjectivity is crucial for school principals in operating and governing a school as well as driving management innovation,and the development of a school requires the manifestation of principals'subjectivity.Subjectivity refers to the determination of various patterns concerning object entities,behavioral rules,and relationships with oneself.Subjectivity involves the determination of various objects entities,behavioral rules,and patterns of relationship with oneself.However,due to the shaping of"omnipotent"knowledge-based subjects,"disciplinary"power-based subjects,and"saintly"ethical subjects,the subjectivity of school principals is obscured,leading to increasingly heavy physical and mental burdens.School principals should employ the"initiative"required by subjectivity to counteract"omnipotent"demands,utilize"individuality"to dismantle"disciplinary"mechanisms,and harness"creativity"to relieve"saintly"pressures,so that subjectivity can be unveiled and recognized.Then through speaking up to clarify the boundaries of principals'work to reveal the"truth"of schools;through reflection to enrich the image of principals'work and carry out personalized work;through self-cultivation practices to elevate principals'morality and form a kind of"survival aesthetics"for principals.Ultimately,this will help shape the subjectivity of principals,effectively reduce their burdens,and thereby promote high-quality development of schools.

关 键 词：校长 减负 主体性哲学 

分 类 号：G471.2[文化科学—教育学]