“物质结构与性质”领域学科能力评价研究  

Research on the Evaluation of Subject Competence in the Field of"Structure and Properties of Matter":Taking the 2024 Tianjin Senior High School Academic Level Grade Examination Chemistry Test Paper as An Example

作　　者：秦磊 白云 英华[3] 何文[4] 田晓梅[5] Qin Lei;Bai Yun;Ying Hua;He Wen;Tian Xiaomei(Tianjin Academy of Educational Sciences,Tianjin,300191;Tianjin Municipal Educational Admission and Examinations Authority,Tianjin,300387;Hexi District Education Center,Tianjin,300203;Tianjin Nankai High School,Tianjin,300100;Hongqiao District Education Center,Tianjin,300130)

机构地区：[1]天津市教育科学研究院,天津300191 [2]天津市教育招生考试院,天津300387 [3]天津市河西区教育中心,天津300203 [4]天津市南开中学,天津300100 [5]天津市红桥区教育中心,天津300130

出　　处：《考试研究》2025年第2期1-8,共8页Examinations Research

摘　　要：研究建立“物质结构与性质”领域的学科能力评价框架,包括内容主题、研究对象、问题情境、认识角度、认识方式、学科能力活动要素等6个维度。基于评价框架对考生在2024年天津市高中学业水平等级性考试化学试卷该领域试题上的作答表现进行分析,并面向教师开展教学情况调查。结果发现考生在学习理解、应用实践、迁移创新方面的能力表现均存在不同维度的薄弱项。教师对于课标的理解程度、学情的把握情况也存在一定不足。基于以上结果,从“教、学、评”一体化角度提出以下教学建议:一是落实课标要求,强化“位-构-性”观念;二是厘清核心概念,运用理论解释物质结构;三是重视教材资源,培养图文信息加工能力。Based on the model of chemistry subject competence and its performance activities,an evaluation framework for the subject competence in the field of"Substance Structure and Properties"was established.The main analysis was conducted on the questions and student responses of the 2024 Tianjin High School Academic Level Graded Examination in Chemistry.The results revealed that students in groups G1 and G2 have varying degrees of weaknesses in their performance of learning comprehension,application practice,and innovative transfer in the field of substance structure and properties.Based on a questionnaire survey of high school chemistry teachers in the region on their understanding of the curriculum standards and their grasp of student learning situations,combined with the responses of the examinees,following teaching suggestions,such as implementing curriculum standards and strengthening the concept of"position-structure-property",clarifying core concepts and using theories to explain substance structures,valuing textbook resources and cultivating the ability of processing graphic and textual information,are proposed from the perspective of"teaching-learning-assessment".

关 键 词：等级性考试 物质结构与性质 学科能力 “教、学、评”一体化 

分 类 号：G424.74[文化科学—课程与教学论]