场景、困境与调适:ChatGPT赋能职校生知识建构审思  

Scenarios,Dilemmas,and Adaptations:Examining ChatGPT's Empowerment of Knowledge Construction for Vocational Students

作　　者：杨顺华 韩雪丽 Yang Shunhua;Han Xueli

机构地区：[1]江苏大学

出　　处：《中国职业技术教育》2025年第6期43-49,60,共8页Chinese Vocational and Technical Education

基　　金：全国教育科学“十四五”规划2022年度教育部重点课题“建构主义视域下高校本科课堂生态教育实施路径研究”(项目编号:DIA220382,主持人:杨顺华)。

摘　　要：ChatGPT因其在人机交互、语言理解与生成和高度类人化等方面的“出圈”表现,为职校生知识建构提供了前所未有的应用场景,主要体现在搭建自主学习平台,实现个性化教学;助推对话式学习,参与知识习得过程;加速知识生成,助力意义建构;变革育人理念,培养高阶思维等方面。同时,也给职校生的培养带来困境,如主体性遮蔽与能动性消弭的个性化培养困境;师生关系弱化与情感缺失的伦理困境;碎片化加剧与信息鸿沟高筑的知识困境;学术公平失衡与机器算法歧视的技术困境等。如何更好利用ChatGPT智能类工具成为当前亟须研究的一项课题,通过创新本体论立场,坚守职校生主体性;夯实知识前提,推动知识联结与重构;重塑教学过程,培育师—生—机三方协同新生态;厚植创新基础,推进高阶思维培养与能力习得;强化规范约束,促进人工智能伦理与思政教育融合五大路径,推动ChatGPT与职校生培养的平衡与互适,使其成为撬动职业教育高质量发展的有力杠杆。ChatGPT has gained widespread attention for its remarkable performance in human-computer interaction,language understanding and generation,and its highly human-like capabilities.It provides vocational students with unprecedented application scenarios for knowledge construction,mainly reflected in the following aspects:building self-directed learning platforms to achieve personalized teaching;promoting conversational learning and engaging in the knowledge acquisition process;accelerating knowledge generation and aiding in meaning construction;transforming educational concepts and cultivating higher-order thinking skills.However,it also poses challenges for the cultivation of vocational students,such as the dilemma of personalized training due to the overshadowing of subjectivity and the erosion of agency;the ethical dilemma caused by the weakening of teacher-student relationships and emotional disconnection;the knowledge dilemma arising from intensified fragmentation and widening information gaps;and the technical dilemma of academic fairness imbalance and machine algorithm bias.How to better utilize intelligent tools like ChatGPT has become an urgent research topic.By innovating ontological stances and upholding the subjectivity of vocational students;solidifying the premise of knowledge to promote knowledge connection and reconstruction;reshaping the teaching process to foster a new ecosystem of teacher-student-machine collaboration;deepening the foundation of innovation to advance higher-order thinking and skill acquisition;and strengthening normative constraints to integrate AI ethics with ideological and political education,we can promote a balance and mutual adaptation between ChatGPT and the cultivation of vocational students,making it a powerful lever to drive the high-quality development of vocational education.

关 键 词：职业教育 人工智能 技术赋能 知识建构 

分 类 号：G710[文化科学—职业技术教育学]