陕西省市售谷物中4种交链孢毒素的监测及暴露风险评估  

The monitoring and exposure assessment of 4 kinds of alternaria toxins in grains on sale in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：赵迪 袁文婷[1] 乔海鸥[1] 张路钱 ZHAO Di;YUAN Wenting;QIAO Haiou;ZHANG Luqian(Shaanxi Provincial Centre for Disease Control and Prevention,Shaanxi Xi’an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省疾病预防控制中心,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2024年第11期1252-1257,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省市售谷物中4种交链孢毒素的污染情况,评估居民膳食交链孢毒素暴露量引起的健康风险。方法2022年在流通环节随机采集小麦粉、玉米粉(糁)、大米共171份,采用超高效液相色谱质谱法测定4种交链孢毒素的含量,结合第五次中国总膳食研究中陕西省的食物消费量调查数据,采用毒理学关注阈值(TTC)方法评估谷物中交链孢毒素的膳食暴露风险。结果陕西省谷物中交链孢酚、交链孢酚单甲醚、细交链孢菌酮酸和腾毒素的平均值为0.128、0.461、15.3和1.67μg/kg。小麦粉中细交链孢菌酮酸和腾毒素含量具有显著的相关性。谷物中交链孢酚的均值膳食暴露量为0.64 ng/(kg·BW·d),低于TTC值。谷物中交链孢酚的P_(97.5)膳食暴露量为4.62 ng/(kg·BW·d),超TTC值。谷物中交链孢酚单甲醚的均值、P_(97.5)膳食暴露量分别为3.45和17.8 ng/(kg·BW·d),超TTC值。谷物中细交链孢菌酮酸的均值、P_(97.5)膳食暴露量分别为144和336 ng/(kg·BW·d),低于TTC值。谷物中腾毒素的均值、P_(97.5)膳食暴露量分别为16.7和32.6 ng/(kg·BW·d),低于TTC值。结论陕西省市售谷物中4种交链孢毒素均有不同程度污染。陕西居民谷物中交链孢酚和交链孢酚单甲醚膳食暴露量较高,2~7岁儿童是暴露量较高人群;细交链孢菌酮酸和腾毒素膳食暴露风险较低。Objective To investigate the contamination of 4 kinds of alternaria toxins in grains in Shaanxi Province and evaluate the risk to the health of dietary exposure.Methods A total of 171 samples of wheat flour,rice and corn grits were randomly collected in circulation in 2022.Four kinds of alternaria toxins were determined by ultra high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.The health risk of altemaria toxins in grains were evaluated based on the threshold of toxicological concern method.Results The average contents of alternariol,alternariol monomethyl ether,tenuazonic acid and tentoxin were 0.128,0.461,15.3 and 1.67μg/kg in grains,with the detection rates of 8.19,56.73,57.31 and 38.01%,respectively.There was a significant correlation between tenuazonic acid and tentoxin contents in wheat flour.The alternariol average dietary exposure is 0.64 ng(/kg·BW·d),below the corresponding TTC values.The alternariol P_(97.5)dietary exposure is 4.62 ng(/kg·BW·d),above the corresponding TTC values.The alternariol monomethyl ether average and P_(97.5)dietary exposures are 3.45 and 17.8 ng(/kg·BW·d),above the corresponding TTC values.The tenuazonic acid average and P_(97.5)dietary exposures are 144 and 336 ng(/kg·BW·d),below the corresponding TTC values.The tentoxin average and P_(97.5)dietary exposures are 16.7 and 32.6 ng(/kg·BW·d),below the corresponding TTC values.Conclusion The grains were contaminated by 4 kinds of alternaria toxins to different degrees in Shaanxi Province.The dietary exposure levels of alternariol and alternariol monomethyl ether in grains exceed the TTC values,and children aged from 2 to 7 years old were higher exposure.Tenuazonic acid and tentoxin were lower dietary exposure.

关 键 词：谷物 交链孢酚 交链孢酚单甲醚 细交链孢菌酮酸 腾毒素 暴露评估 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]