低糖复配电解质水对急慢性缺水大鼠的改善作用  

Ameliorating Effect of Low Sugar Electrolyte Water on Acute and Chronic Dehydration in Rats

作　　者：王卫民 王博远 魏小鲁 赵夕颜 宗厚汝 王思元 邓建军 杨海霞[1] WANG Weimin;WANG Boyuan;WEI Xiaolu;ZHAO Xiyan;ZONG Houru;WANG Siyuan;DENG Jianjun;YANG Haixia(College of Food Science&Nutritional Engineering,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100083,China;Genki Forest Beverage Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100191,China;State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学食品科学与营养工程学院,北京100083 [2]元气森林(北京)食品科技集团有限公司,北京100191 [3]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第7期315-324,共10页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1100205);中国农业大学基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2024TC158)。

摘　　要：目的:构建急慢性大鼠缺水模型,优化模型干预条件,并评价对比了纯净水、茶饮料和低糖复配电解质水对急慢性缺水大鼠的改善作用。方法:通过测定血浆容量、血浆电解质离子总量、渗透压、肌酐(creatinine,CRE)、血尿素氮(blood urea nitrogen,BUN)等指标,确定构建急慢性大鼠缺水模型的缺水时间、缺水水量等造模条件。分别给急慢性缺水大鼠灌胃或自由饮用纯净水、茶饮料和低糖复配电解质水,通过比较上述指标,评价不同补液的改善作用。结果:急性缺水大鼠的建模条件为缺水60 h后,初始跑步速度10 m/min,10 min内匀速加到20 m/min,共运动30 min;慢性缺水大鼠的建模条件为限制50%的每日饮水量,持续14 d。对急性缺水大鼠补液评价发现,4 h灌胃干预后,三组补液均显著改善了急性缺水大鼠的血浆容量、血浆电解质离子总量降低和血浆渗透压升高,低糖复配电解质水表现出更好的改善作用。此外,低糖复配电解质水和茶饮料组显著降低了急性缺水大鼠BUN和CRE的升高,纯净水组未表现出恢复趋势。对慢性缺水大鼠补液评价发现,24 h自由饮水后,三组补液均能够显著改善慢性缺水大鼠的血浆容量下降和血浆渗透压升高,低糖复配电解质水表现出更有效的改善作用。低糖复配电解质水还显著增加慢性缺水大鼠血浆电解质离子总量,茶饮料和纯净水仅表现出恢复趋势。此外,茶饮料和低糖复配电解质水显著降低慢性缺水引起的中性粒细胞明胶酶相关脂质运载蛋白(neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin,NGAL)和趋化因子2(chemokine 2,CCL2)的表达升高,指示其缓解肾脏炎症和损伤。结论:低糖复配电解质水能够显著恢复急性缺水和慢性缺水大鼠的血浆容量降低、电解质流失和肾损伤,研究结果为运动后急性缺水和长期慢性缺水状态人群的补液开发提供了理论思路。Objective:To construct a model of acute and chronic dehydration in rats,the intervention conditions of the model was optimized,the improvement effects of pure water,tea drink,and low-sugar compounded electrolyte water on rats with acute and chronic dehydration were evaluated.Methods:Plasma volume,total plasma electrolytes,osmolality,CRE,BUN,and other markers were measured to determine the modeling conditions,such as dehydration time and volume.Acute and chronic dehydrated rats were administered pure water,tea drink and low-sugar compounded electrolyte water by gavage or free drinking respectively.The improvement effects of different rehydration were evaluated by comparing the above markers.Results:The modeling conditions for rats with acute dehydration were 60 h of dehydration,followed by an initial running speed of 10 m/min,which was gradually increased to 20 m/min within 10 min,with the exercise lasting for 30 min.The modeling conditions for chronic dehydration in rats involved restricting daily water intake by 50%for 14 d.Evaluation of rehydration in acute dehydrated rats revealed that after 4 h of gavage intervention,all three rehydration groups significantly improved the reduced plasma volume,total plasma electrolyte ions and elevated plasma osmolality in acute dehydration rats,with the low-sugar compounded electrolyte water showing better improvement.Additionally,the lowsugar compounded electrolyte water and tea drink groups significantly reduced the elevated levels of BUN and CRE in acute dehydrated rats,while the pure water group did not show a trend of recovery.Evaluation of rehydration in rats with chronic dehydration showed that after free drinking for 24 h,all three rehydration groups significantly improved the decreased plasma volume and elevated plasma osmolality in chronic dehydrated rats,with the low-sugar compounded electrolyte water showing more effective improvement.The low-sugar compounded electrolyte water also significantly increased the total plasma electrolyte ions in chronic dehydrated ra

关 键 词：急慢性缺水 电解质 肾损伤 低糖复配电解质水 改善作用 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]