不同愈伤处理方式对芋头采后愈伤层形成及代谢的影响  

Effects of Different Treatments on Postharvest Callus Formation and Metabolic Mechanisms in Taro

作　　者：陈道业 陈于陇[1] 戴凡炜[1,3] 吴富旺 曾振杰 王玲 CHEN Daoye;CHEN Yulong;DAI Fanwei;WU Fuwang;ZENG Zhenjie;WANG Ling(Key Laboratory of Functional Foods,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Guangdong Key Laboratory of Agricultural Products Processing,Sericultural&Agri-Food Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guangzhou 510610,China;School of Food Science and Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan 528000,China;Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Heyuan Branch Center,Heyuan 517000,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院蚕业与农产品加工研究所,农业农村部功能食品重点实验室,广东省农产品加工重点实验室,广东广州510610 [2]佛山大学食品科学与工程学院,广东佛山528000 [3]岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室河源分中心,广东河源517000

出　　处：《食品科学》2025年第7期264-272,共9页Food Science

基　　金：广东省农产品加工技术研发中试公共服务平台升级建设项目(粤财农[2024]37号);广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项资金(高水平农科院建设)青年副研究员项目(R2022PY-QF005)。

摘　　要：本研究以荔浦芋头为材料,经人工损伤处理后,以自然愈伤(CK)为对照,65℃热水快速热激处理(heat water treatment,HWT)和30℃热空气处理(hot air treatment,HAT)为实验组,分别在0、2、4、6、14 d观察愈伤期间芋头球茎伤口外观、木栓层截面厚度、木质素染色情况;同时测定芋头球茎愈伤组织形成期间伤口处活性氧含量和代谢酶、木质素积累和合成酶活性变化规律。结果表明,在愈伤形成过程中,愈伤组织木栓层厚度、总酚、类黄酮、木质素积累不断增加,HAT组含量显著高于其他两组,且HAT组在2~4 d时,即可形成致密的愈伤木栓层,明显早于其他两处理组。在2 d时,HAT组较CK和HWT组O_(2)^(-)·和H_(2)O_(2)迅速积累,活性氧清除酶超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性出现峰值(分别为1685.628、37.380 U/g,P<0.05),木质素合成酶苯丙氨酸解氨酶和4-香豆酸:辅酶A连接酶活性均在此刻达到酶活性峰值(分别为544.697、123.221 U/g,P<0.05),过氧化物酶活性不断增加,显著高于CK和HWT组。综上所述,HAT可诱导活性氧积累和代谢的快速响应,加速苯丙烷代谢途径中关键酶的生成,促进总酚、类黄酮、木质素积累,加速芋头球茎愈伤组织的形成。In this study,taro samples were artificially wounded and then underwent hot water treatment(HWT)at 65℃or hot air treatment(HAT)at 30℃,whereas those naturally wounded served as a control.After storage for 0,2,4,6 and 14 days,wound appearance,suberin layer thickness and lignin staining were evaluated.Changes in reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels,metabolic enzyme activities,lignin accumulation and lignin synthesis-related enzyme activities were determined during callus formation in taro corms.The results showed that the thickness of the suberin layer as well as the accumulation of total phenols,flavonoids and lignin increased continuously during callus formation,and the levels of total phenols,flavonoids and lignin in the HAT group were higher than those in the HWT and control groups.In the HWT group,a dense suberin layer was observed to form during 2–4 days of storage,significantly earlier than the other two groups.Superoxide anion radical and H_(2)O_(2) accumulated rapidly in the HAT group after 2 days,and the activities of two ROS scavenging enzymes,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT),reached peak values(1685.628 and 37.380 U/g,respectively,P<0.05).Also,the activities of two lignin synthesis-related enzymes,phenylalanine ammonia lyase(PAL)and 4-coumarate:CoA ligase(4CL),reached peak values(544.697 and 123.221 U/g,respectively,P<0.05).In the HWT group,the activity of peroxidase(POD)increased continuously,which was significantly higher than those of the control and HWT groups.In conclusion,HAT could induce rapid ROS accumulation and the production of key metabolism-accelerating enzymes involved in the phenylpropane metabolism pathway,promoting the accumulation of total phenols,flavonoid and lignin,thereby accelerating the formation of callus in taro corms.

关 键 词：芋头 愈伤层 热空气处理 活性氧 木质素 

分 类 号：TS255.3[轻工技术与工程—农产品加工及贮藏工程]