基于计算流体力学的送风模式对层装蜜桃差压预冷效果的影响  

Computational Fluid Dynamics Analysis of the Impacts of Air Supply Velocity Modes on the Differential Pressure Precooling Efficiency of Peaches Stored in Ventilated Packaging

作　　者：谌英敏 令狐博祥 赵茗彰 宋海燕[1] CHEN Yingmin;LINGHU Boxiang;ZHAO Mingzhang;SONG Haiyan(Dryland Farm Machinery Key Technology and Equipment Key Laboratory of Shanxi Province,College of Agricultural Engineering,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业工程学院,旱作农业机械关键技术与装备山西省重点实验室,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《食品科学》2025年第7期292-302,共11页Food Science

基　　金：山西省基础研究计划:青年科学研究项目(202203021212435);山西省优秀博士来晋奖励项目(SXBYKY2022027);山西农业大学博士科研启动项目(2021BQ86)。

摘　　要：本研究基于计算流体力学构建了不同预冷工况条件下的层装蜜桃差压预冷传热传质数值模型。通过实验和仿真数据分析,发现所构建数值模型与实验组间的最大均方根误差为0.7967℃,最大平均绝对百分比误差为6.74%,表明该建模方法具有可行性和真实性。通过对比分析两种送风模式下的预冷效果,发现与恒速相比,采用变速ΔP_(1)+ΔP_(2)的送风模式进行预冷时可改善果实预冷均匀性,也可缩短预冷时间,且ΔP_(2)与ΔP_(1)存在7倍的阈值关系。当ΔP_(2)>7ΔP_(1)(ΔP_(1)<35 Pa)后,果实预冷均匀性可稳定提高10%~20%,且预冷时间可缩短50%~75%,但能耗成本会至少增涨7倍以上,且与ΔP_(2)呈幂函数递增关系。由此可知,在选择送风模式时,若更注重预冷品质和冷藏转移时间,应选择变速送风模式,其中(15+105)Pa是变速模式中蜜桃预冷效果较优的环境参数组合;若更追求节能预冷,应选择恒速送风模式。本研究可为中小型果园合理选择送风模式以及精准掌控果实预冷效果提供理论参考依据。In this study,a numerical model for heat and mass transfer in the differential pressure precooling of peaches stored in layered packaging under different precooling conditions was constructed based on computational fluid dynamics.Through the analysis of experimental and simulation data,it was found that the maximum root mean square error(RMSE)between the constructed numerical model and the experimental group was 0.7967℃,and the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)was 6.74%,which demonstrated the feasibility and authenticity of the modeling method.The precooling efficiencies of two air supply velocity modes were compared,demonstrating that compared with the constant velocity mode,the variable velocity modeΔP_(1)+ΔP_(2) improved the uniformity of precooling and shortened the cooling time,and there was a sevenfold threshold relationship betweenΔP_(2) andΔP_(1).WhenΔP_(2) was more than seven times as high asΔP_(1)(ΔP_(1)<35 Pa),the uniformity of precooling was improved by about 10%–20%,and the precooling time was shortened by 50%-75%;however,the energy consumption cost increased by at least 8 times,and it increased exponentially withΔP_(2).Therefore,the variable velocity mode should be selected when priority is given to the precooling quality and the transfer time to cold storage;in which(15+105)Pa is the optimal environmental parameter combination for peach precooling,while the constant velocity mode should be selected to achieve energy savings in precooling.This study provides a theoretical reference for small and medium-sized orchards to reasonably select air supply modes and accurately control the precooling efficiency of fruits.

关 键 词：蜜桃 差压预冷 送风模式 计算流体热力学 数值计算 

分 类 号：TB611[一般工业技术—制冷工程] S379.2[农业科学—农产品加工]