国家金融安全视野中地下钱庄洗钱风险的监管路径  

The Regulatory Approach for Money Laundering Risks in Underground Banks from the Perspective of National Financial Security

作　　者：程雪军 龙思诺 Cheng Xuejun;Long Sinuo

机构地区：[1]同济大学法学院,上海200092 [2]北京大学法学院,北京100871

出　　处：《西南金融》2025年第2期67-76,共10页Southwest Finance

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“金融科技平台数据垄断的系统治理研究”(23YJC820005);上海市软科学研究项目“上海金融科技平台数据创新的反垄断规制系统研究”(24692110900)。

摘　　要：随着社会经济的发展与非法需求的扩张,地下钱庄已经成为上游犯罪分子洗钱的主要通道,给国家金融安全带来极大风险。相比于传统的洗钱模式,地下钱庄洗钱总体呈现出犯罪规模与涉案金额增大,隐蔽性强且证据收集困难,手段方式智能化,组织经营专业化与网络化等特点,给打击地下钱庄洗钱犯罪带来困难。相关法律法规不健全、规制手段技术性不强、国家监管不够全面彻底等问题都给了地下钱庄洗钱犯罪以可乘之机,极大冲击了我国金融机构运行的稳定性、金融市场秩序、货币汇兑体系等关乎国家金融安全的重要领域,给国家安全带来威胁。对此,本文结合我国地下钱庄洗钱犯罪的发展现状,探索国家金融安全视野下地下钱庄洗钱风险的有效监管路径。With the development of social economy and the expansion of illegal demand,underground banks have become the main channel for money laundering by upstream criminals,bringing great risks to national financial security.Compared with the traditional money laundering model,money laundering through underground banks generally shows the following characteristics:the scale of crime and the involved finance are increasing,the means are highly concealed and it is difficult to collect evidence,the means are intelligent,the organization and operation are professional and networked.These characteristics bring difficulties to crackdown on money laundering crimes by underground banks.The inadequacy of relevant laws and regulations,the technical inadequacy of regulatory means,and the lack of comprehensive and thorough national supervision have all given underground banks the opportunity to take advantage of money-laundering crimes,greatly impacting the stability of the operation of China's financial institutions,the order of the financial market,the currency exchange system and other important areas relating to national financial security,thus posing a threat to national security.In this regard,com-bined with the development of the crime of money laundering in underground banks in China,this paper explores the effective regulatory path of the risk of money laundering in underground banks under the vision of national financial security.

关 键 词：金融安全 反洗钱 地下钱庄 洗钱风险 数字货币 支付结算 跨境资金流动 金融监管 

分 类 号：D924.49[政治法律—刑法学]