Oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders: Mechanisms and implications  

作　　者：Umesh Chandra Dash Nitish Kumar Bhol Sandeep Kumar Swain Rashmi Rekha Samal Prabhat Kumar Nayak Vishakha Raina Sandeep Kumar Panda Rout George Kerry Asim K.Duttaroy Atala Bihari Jena 

机构地区：[1]School of Biotechnology,Campus 11,Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology(KIIT)Deemed to be University,Bhubaneswar 751024,Odisha,India [2]Post Graduate Department of Biotechnology,Utkal University,Bhubaneswar 751004,Odisha,India [3]ICMR-National Institute of Pathology,Sadarjang Hospital Campus,New Delhi 110029,Delhi,India [4]CSIR-Institute of Minerals&Materials Technology,Bhubaneswar 751013,Odisha,India [5]Bioanalytical Sciences,Research and Development,Enzene Biosciences Limited,Pune 410501,Maharashtra,India [6]Department of Nutrition,Institute of Medical Sciences,Faculty of Medicine,University of Oslo,Oslo 0317,Norway [7]National Centre for Cell Science,Savitribai Phule Pune University Campus,Pune 411007,India

出　　处：《Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B》2025年第1期15-34,共20页药学学报(英文版)

摘　　要：Neuroprotection is a proactive approach to safeguarding the nervous system,including the brain,spinal cord,and peripheral nerves,by preventing or limiting damage to nerve cells and other components.It primarily defends the central nervous system against injury from acute and progressive neurodegenerative disorders.Oxidative stress,an imbalance between the body’s natural defense mechanisms and the generation of reactive oxygen species,is crucial in developing neurological disorders.Due to its high metabolic rate and oxygen consumption,the brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress.Excessive ROS damages the essential biomolecules,leading to cellular malfunction and neurodegeneration.Several neurological disorders,including Alzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis,multiple sclerosis,and ischemic stroke,are associated with oxidative stress.Understanding the impact of oxidative stress in these conditions is crucial for developing new treatment methods.Researchers are exploring using antioxidants and other molecules to mitigate oxidative stress,aiming to prevent or slow down the progression of brain diseases.By understanding the intricate interplay between oxidative stress and neurological disorders,scientists hope to pave the way for innovative therapeutic and preventive approaches,ultimately improving individuals’living standards.

关 键 词：NEURODEGENERATION Oxidative stress ROS NEUROPROTECTION Mitochondrial dysfunction Aging 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]