济南市槐荫区2022—2024年食源性疾病主动监测病原体种类及分布情况分析  

Analysis of Pathogen Species and Distribution of Active Monitoring of Foodborne Diseases in Huaiyin District of Jinan City from 2022 to 2024

作　　者：陈玉娟[1] 秦伟 李秀娟 CHEN Yujuan;QIN Wei;LI Xiujuan(Huaiyin District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jinan 250022,China)

机构地区：[1]济南市槐荫区疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250022

出　　处：《食品安全导刊》2025年第10期71-75,共5页China Food Safety Magazine

摘　　要：目的:通过对2022—2024年济南市槐荫区两家哨点医院食源性疾病主动监测统计数据分析,了解该地区食源性疾病的病原菌种类和分布情况。方法:采集2022—2024年前往两所哨点医院就诊的食源性主动监测病例的粪便、肛拭子等生物标本2069例,分别检测沙门氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌和诺如病毒,比较不同年龄段、不同季度发病情况及各病原体的检出情况。结果:2022—2024年食源性疾病主动监测共采集病例标本2069例,阳性检出率为24.31%,细菌性病原体检出率为14.89%,以致泻性大肠埃希氏菌为主,沙门氏菌以肠炎沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌为优势菌种。不同季度除诺如病毒外,其他病原体检出率差异有统计学意义,均为第三季度检出率最高。各年龄组,除沙门氏菌外,其他病原体的检出率差异均具有统计学意义,全部为18~35岁年龄组检出率最高。结论:2022—2024年济南市食源性疾病的主要致病菌是致泻性大肠埃希菌,以黏附性大肠埃希菌属为主。夏秋季以致泻性大肠埃希菌为主,诺如病毒感染全年各季度都有发生。Objective:To investigate the types and distribution of foodborne pathogens in Huaiyin district,Jinan city,during 2022-2024 by analyzing the statistical data of active monitoring of foodborne diseases from two sentinel hospitals.Method:A total of 2069 biological specimens,including stool and rectal swab samples,were collected from patients with foodborne disease active monitoring cases who visited the two sentinel hospitals between 2022 and 2024.These samples were tested for Salmonella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,Shigella,and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli,as well as norovirus.The incidence rates across different age groups and seasons,along with the detection rates of various pathogens,were compared.Result:Between 2022 and 2024,a total of 2069 specimens were collected for foodborne disease monitoring,with an overall positive detection rate of 24.31%.The detection rate for bacterial pathogens was 14.89%,predominantly enteropathogenic Escherichia coli.Salmonella species were primarily represented by S.enteritidis and Typhimurium serovars.They were statistically significant,excluding norovirus,across different seasons,with the highest detection rates occurring in the third quarter.Similarly,we found significant differences in the detection rates of pathogens,except for Salmonella,across different age groups.The highest detection rates were observed in the 18~35 age group.Conclusion:During 2022-2024,the primary foodborne pathogens in Jinan city were enteropathogenic Escherichia coli,predominantly adherent Escherichia coli strains.enteropathogenic Escherichia coli was the main pathogen during the summer and autumn seasons,while norovirus infections occurred throughout the year.

关 键 词：食源性疾病 主动监测 哨点医院 病原体 

分 类 号：S85[农业科学—兽医学]