科学教育视域下拔尖创新人才早期培养与评价机制  

An Early-Stage Cultivation and Evaluation Framework for Top Innovative Talents:A Science Education Perspective

作　　者：蒋信伟 JIANG Xinwei(Hefei No.8 Middle School,Hefei 230701,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省合肥市第八中学,合肥230701

出　　处：《中国考试》2025年第4期32-40,共9页journal of China Examinations

基　　金：2024年度安徽省社会科学创新发展研究课题一般攻关项目“指向拔尖创新人才早期培养的科学教育综合化实施策略研究”(2024CX521)。

摘　　要：在推进科学教育过程中,探索有效性、特色化的拔尖创新人才培养路径和评价机制,日益成为广大教育工作者必须面对的现实问题。针对中学阶段拔尖创新人才培养中存在的重学业选拔轻科学甄别、重解题轻解决问题、重单科学习轻跨学科融合、重学段教育轻贯通培养等突出问题,必须优化拔尖创新人才在创新潜质、数理思维和非智力因素等方面的早期甄别方式。在一体化推进拔尖创新人才早期培养与评价方面,应努力推动培养方式从单一模式转向系统发力,综合素质评价从“软挂钩”转向“硬挂钩”,强基计划从单向度选拔转向多维度选拔,专业调剂从关注综合成绩转向关注优势特长。As the field of science education advances,exploring effective and specialized methods for cultivating and evaluating top innovative talents has increasingly become an imperative challenge for educators.This study identifies four systemic deficiencies in current secondary education practices:overemphasis on academic achievements at the expense of scientific identification,prioritization of test-item-solving techniques over problem-solving competence,compartmentalized subject learning rather than interdisciplinary integration,and overemphasis on phased education systems with insufficient vertical articulation.To address these challenges,optimization strategies should focus on refining early-stage identification methods that assess innovative potential,mathematical and logical thinking,and non-cognitive attributes.Moreover,it is essential to shift cultivation methods from singular approaches to holistic strategies,strengthen the substantive integration of comprehensive quality evaluation,reform the Strong Foundation Program towards multidimensional selection criteria,and reorient academic streaming decisions from general academic performance to domain-specific aptitudes.

关 键 词：科学教育 拔尖创新人才 早期甄别 培养方式改革 评价出口机制 

分 类 号：G405[文化科学—教育学原理]