基于启发式双端优化的重载列车空电协同控制策略研究  

Research on the pneumatic-electric braking collaborative control strategy for heavy-haul trains based on heuristic dual-end optimization

作　　者：张征方 史可 刘海涛 王跃 冯凌 ZHANG Zhengfang;SHI Ke;LIU Haitao;WANG Yue;FENG Ling(Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co.,Ltd.,Zhuzhou,Hunan 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《机车电传动》2025年第1期114-121,共8页Electric Drive for Locomotives

基　　金：中国中车“十四五”重大专项(2021CTZ023)。

摘　　要：重载列车长大下坡道的空电协同属于带非线性状态约束、控制约束和终端约束的最优控制问题。传统的空电协同策略不具备同时处理非线性状态约束、控制约束、长距离终端约束的能力,因此难以保证重载列车空电协同过程中的安全性和平稳性。为了解决这个问题,文章提出一种基于启发式双端优化的重载列车空电协同控制策略。首先,文章分析重载列车动力学特性,提炼出空电协同过程的非线性状态约束、控制约束和终端约束;然后,在非线性状态约束和控制约束内对平稳性目标进行梯度寻优,形成基于位置域的有限集序列,同时,设计神经网络对非线性空气制动模型参数进行辨识,得到空气制动力预测值,接着,设计A^(*)算法,在有限集序列内实现迭代寻优,得到满足终端约束的空电协同控制序列;最后,通过半实物仿真平台验证所提出的重载列车空电协同控制策略的有效性。The pneumatic-electric braking operation of heavy-haul trains on long and steep downgrade sections is fundamentally an optimal control problem,involving nonlinear state constraints,control constraints,and long-distance end constraints.Traditional collaborative control strategies for pneumatic-electric braking often struggle to simultaneously address these constraints,making it difficult to ensure the safety and stability of heavy-haul trains during the pneumatic-electric braking coordinative control process.To tackle this issue,this paper proposes a pneumatic-electric braking collaborative control strategy for heavy-haul trains based on heuristic dual-end optimization.Firstly,the dynamic characteristics of heavy-haul trains were analyzed,leading to the extraction of nonlinear state constraints,control constraints,and end constraints in the pneumatic-electric braking coordinative control process.Next,a gradient search was performed focusing on the stability objective within the nonlinear state constraints and control constraints,which resulted in the formation of a finite set sequence based on the position domain.At the same time,a neural network was designed to identify parameters for a nonlinear pneumatic braking model,thereby yielding predicted pneumatic braking forces.Subsequently,an A^(*)algorithm was developed for iterative refinement within the finite set sequence,collaborative control sequence that satisfies the end constraints.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed pneumatic-electric collaborative control strategy for heavy-haul trains was verified through a semi-physical simulation platform.

关 键 词：重载列车 长大下坡 纵向动力学 空电协同 非线性有限集 启发式双端优化 重载铁路 

分 类 号：U292.921[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]