走班制教学对中小学学生学习成效的影响——基于国内外34项实验及准实验研究的元分析  

The impact of tracking and ability grouping on the academic achievement of primary and secondary school students:a meta-analysis based on 34 domestic and international experimental and quasi-experimental studies

作　　者：钟志勇[1] 张申婷 ZHONG Zhiyong;ZHANG Shenting(School of Education,Minzu University of China,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中央民族大学教育学院,北京100081

出　　处：《教学研究》2025年第2期42-49,共8页Research in Teaching

摘　　要：走班制对学生学习成效的影响一直是教育界研究的热点,但不同学者对此有着不同的看法和结论。采用元分析的方法,对国内外34篇实验及准实验研究文献进行了细致分析,旨在从更客观的角度评估走班制教学的有效性及其影响因素。研究结果表明,总体而言,走班制对学生的学习成效产生了中等程度的积极影响。此外,走班制对学生学习成效的影响受到多种因素的调节,包括学段、班级规模、能力分层和学科,而实验周期对其影响不显著。建议在实际教学过程中,应顺应教育改革的趋势,广泛推广走班制。同时,基于学生所在学段和学科的具体情况,选择合适的走班分层教学模式,并重新规划班级规模,以打造更加高效的课堂环境。As an important part of the reform of teaching organization in China,Tracking and Ability Grouping has attracted much attention in recent years.The impact of this new teaching organization form on students’academic achievement has always been a hot topic in the educational community,but different scholars have different views and conclusions on this issue.In view of this,this study adopts the method of meta-analysis to conduct a detailed analysis of 34 experimental and quasi-experimental research literature at home and abroad,aiming to evaluate the effectiveness and influencing factors of tracking and ability grouping from a more objective perspective.The results show that,on the whole,tracking and ability grouping has a moderate positive impact on students’academic achievement.In addition,we find that the impact of it on students’academic achievement is regulated by a variety of factors,including period,class size,ability stratification,and subject,while the experimental period has no significant impact on it.Therefore,we suggest that in the actual teaching process,we should follow the trend of educational reform and widely promote tracking and ability grouping.At the same time,based on the specific situation of students’period and subject,we should choose an appropriate tracking and ability grouping model and re-plan the class size to create a more efficient classroom environment.

关 键 词：走班制 学习成效 元分析 中小学生 

分 类 号：G633[文化科学—教育学]