情境性理论教学:国际视野下高校理工科理论教学的质量提升路径  

Promoting Context-Based Teaching of Theoretical Knowledge:Paths for Enhancing Theory Teaching Quality from an International Perspective

作　　者：庄腾腾 刘宝存[2] ZHUANG Tengteng;LIU Baocun

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学教育学部高等教育研究院,北京100875 [2]北京师范大学国际与比较教育研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《中国人民大学教育学刊》2025年第2期59-73,共15页Renmin University of China Education Journal

基　　金：国家社会科学基金“十四五”规划2021年度教育学青年课题(CIA210268)“产教融合背景下企业深度参与应用型本科院校人才培养的影响因素及体系优化研究”。

摘　　要：理论知识涉及理工科领域最底层最根本的运行规律,21世纪以来西方发达国家在强调培养理工科学生实践应用能力的同时,高度重视为学生打下扎实的专业理论基础。情境性理论教学近年来在许多发达国家的理工科教学中得到了广泛实践,其开展动因包括理工科领域本科生学业成就下滑和领域人才流失,理工科理论知识的高度晦涩与抽象和理工科理论教学的非情境化现象。国际视野下,情境性理论教学的实践举措包括注重理工科理论知识传授的四种情境,即“学科内情境”“跨学科情境”“问题解决情境”和“综合应用情境”。情境性理论教学对我国高校理工科教育教学改革的镜鉴价值包括高度重视理工科专业理论教学以着力解决理论课程内容的压缩化和碎片化现象,大力研究理论知识吸收的情境化逻辑以提高教学方式与学生认知规律的匹配度,着力优化理工科专业理论课程设计以加强“递进式”情境化理论教学。Theoretical knowledge involves the most fundamental law of operation in the engineering field.In the 21st century,the western countries have attached great importance to the consolidation of theoretical knowledge for engineering students while emphasizing their application skills.Recent years have witnessed the widespread application of context-based teaching of theoretical knowledge in many western nations.The underlying reasons include the decline of academic achievement and student attrition,the high degree of complexity and ambiguity of engineering theoretical knowledge,and the decontextualization of the teaching of engineering theories.From an international perspective,context-based teaching of theoretical knowledge in engineering includes the leverage of four contexts,namely within-discipline context,interdisciplinary context,problem-solving context,and comprehensive application context.The implications of context-based teaching of theoretical knowledge for China's higher engineering education include:addressing the compression and fragmentation of engineering course contents,the enhancement of compatibility of teaching methods and cognitive development,and the design of progressive contexts for delivering theoretical knowledge.

关 键 词：理论教学 高等教育 理工科教育 情境主义 教学质量 

分 类 号：G641[文化科学—高等教育学]