不同形态氮素对苜蓿芽苗菜产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Different Forms of Nitrogen on Yield and Quality of Medicago sativa Sprouts

作　　者：裴宝路 刘伟[2] 谢龙 蔡梓轩 李宁 魏学军 PEI Baolu;LIU Wei;XIE Long;CAI Zixuan;LI Ning;WEI Xuejun(College of Landscape and Ecological Engineering,Hebei University of Engineering,Handan 056038,China;Beijing Vegetable Research Institute,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture of North China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]河北工程大学园林与生态工程学院,河北邯郸056038 [2]北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所/农业农村部华北都市农业重点实验室,北京100097

出　　处：《蔬菜》2025年第4期56-61,共6页Vegetables

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系北京市设施蔬菜创新团队项目(BAIC01-2024);北京市农林科学院蔬菜研究所改革与发展项目(KYCX202406);河北省现代农业产业技术体系露地蔬菜创新团队(HBCT2024140206)。

摘　　要：为筛选适宜苜蓿芽苗菜生长的氮素种类,采用3种形态氮素(硝酸钾、尿素、蛋氨酸)对苜蓿芽苗进行根施处理,以处理后苜蓿芽苗菜的生长指标(产量和含水率)和品质指标(可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白、维生素C、类黄酮、总酚、硝态氮和光合色素)为评价依据,探究不同形态氮素对苜蓿芽苗菜生长及品质的影响。结果表明:与空白对照相比,不同形态氮素处理均显著提高了苜蓿芽苗的产量、可溶性蛋白含量和硝态氮含量,且硝态氮含量在食用安全范围内,其中,喷施蛋氨酸处理的苜蓿芽苗菜产量(70.80 g/盘)、可溶性蛋白含量(38.86 mg/g)和可溶性糖含量(2.47 mg/g)提升最显著,分别较对照提高了12.20%、7.43%和126.13%,叶绿素a和类胡萝卜素含量也分别显著提高了33.98%和89.00%。应用蛋氨酸对苜蓿芽苗进行根施处理,可对苜蓿芽苗菜生产起到“提质增产”的效果。In order to identify the most suitable nitrogen form for Medicago sativa sprout growth,three forms of nitrogen(potassium nitrate,urea and methionine)were applied as root treatments to Medicago sativa sprouts.The growth indicators(yield and water content)and quality indicators(soluble sugar,soluble protein,vitamin C,flavonoid,total phenol,nitrate nitrogen and photosynthetic pigment)of Medicago sativa sprouts after treatment were used as the evaluation criteria to investigate the effects of different forms of nitrogen on the growth and quality of Medicago sativa sprouts.The results showed that compared with the blank control,treatments with different forms of nitrogen significantly increased the yield,soluble protein content and nitrate nitrogen content of Medicago sativa sprouts,and the nitrate nitrogen content was within the safe range of eating.Among them,the methionine spraying treatment resulted in the most significant improvements in yield(70.80 g),soluble protein content(38.86 mg/g)and soluble sugar content(2.47 mg/g),which increased by 12.20%,7.43%and 126.13%compared to the control,respectively.The contents of chlorophyll a and carotenoid also increased significantly by 33.98%and 89.00%,respectively.The application of methionine as a root treatment for Medicagosativa sprouts can achieve the effects of improving quality and increasing yield in sprout production.

关 键 词：苜蓿 芽苗菜 硝态氮 氨态氮 氨基酸态氮 生长 产量 可溶性蛋白 

分 类 号：S816.9[农业科学—饲料科学]