抑菌型除虫菊酯微胶囊的制备及性能  

Preparation and Characterization of Antibacterial Natural Pyrethrin Microcapsules

作　　者：徐冉[1] 张保晴 刘海容 XU Ran;ZHANG Baoqing;LIU Hairong(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第4期644-651,共8页Journal of Tongji University:Natural Science

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(22-4-ZD-09)。

摘　　要：为了提高天然除虫菊酯的抑菌性,采用复凝聚法,以大豆分离蛋白和水杨酸为壁材制备天然除虫菊酯微胶囊。以微胶囊的包封率和载药率为评价标准,设计单因素和正交实验确定反应的最佳条件,对微胶囊的形态、结构、热稳定性、缓释性、储存稳定性和抑菌性进行表征。结果表明,大豆分离蛋白-水杨酸微胶囊制备的最佳条件为pH值4.25、壁材质量分数2.0%、芯壁质量比0.5、大豆分离蛋白和水杨酸质量比2∶1。包封率可达30.6%,载药率最大可达3.51%,平均粒径为38.3μm。微胶囊表面呈球状、完整无裂痕,FT-IR分析结果表明除虫菊酯成功包埋,200℃内微胶囊的热稳定性与缓释性良好,保留了水杨酸对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌良好的抑菌性,对白色念珠菌无抑菌性。微胶囊在低温避光条件下的储存稳定性一般,货架期应设为3个月。In order to enhance the antibacterial properties of natural pyrethrins,a type of natural pyrethrin microcapsules was prepared using soy protein isolate(SPI)and salicylic acid(SA)as wall materials by complex coagulation method.Single-factor and orthogonal experiments were employed to optimize preparation conditions of pyrethrin microcapsules based on embedding rate and drug loading.The morphology,structure,thermal stability,slow-release capability,storage stability and antibacterial activity were characterized.The results indicate that the optimal conditions are pH 4.25,wall material concentration 2.0%,core-wall ratio 0.5,and SPI/SA mass ratio 2∶1.Under these conditions,the microcapsule exhibits an encapsulation efficiency of approximately 30.6%,a maximum drug loading capacity of 3.51%,and an average particle size of 38.3μm.The microcapsule is spherical and complete,with a crack-free surface.FT-IR analysis confirms the successful embedding of pyrethroid components.Furthermore,the microcapsule demonstrates good thermal stability and sustained release performance at temperatures below 200℃.The effective antibacterial properties of salicylic acid against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus are retained but no antibacterial activity against Candida albicans.The storage stability of microcapsules under lowtemperature and dark conditions is moderate,and a recommended shelf life of 3 months is suggested.

关 键 词：天然农药 除虫菊酯 微胶囊 抑菌性 大豆分离蛋白 

分 类 号：TQ450.6[化学工程—农药化工]