研究导向的建筑设计教学改革——以西安建筑科技大学“城市与文脉”为例  

Research-oriented architectural design course reform--case study of"Urban and Context"at Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology

作　　者：党雨田 项阳 苏静[1] DANG Yutian;XIANG Yang;SU Jing

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院

出　　处：《城市环境设计》2024年第6期375-381,共7页Urban Environment Design

基　　金：陕西省创新人才推进计划(2024ZCKJXX-067);陕西省教育厅重点项目(23JY039);西安市科协青年人才托举计划(959202313063)。

摘　　要：针对新时代技术变革和建筑行业转型背景下的建筑学研究型人才培养困境,介绍了西安建筑科技大学建筑学“本博贯通”研究型人才培养方案的制定思路和本科阶段的五方面改革举措,阐述了以研究型人才培养为目标的建筑设计课程体系改革措施,包括以项目驱动的研究实践,按目标划分的课程体系内容、阶段和评价等。以大二下学期(第4学期)的“城市与文脉”课程为例,详细介绍了课程的教学过程和教学方法。课程总体包括研究——发现和分析问题、设计——解决问题两个部分,通过循序渐进、由浅入深的教学安排引导学生在城市观察中发现空间与文化的现象,对复杂环节对象进行凝练,提出研究问题和分析逻辑框架;在设计阶段改变了传统的设计课教学模式,学生以研究问题为目标,以研究框架为指引,通过价值导向、逻辑推演、针对性设计策略构建,进而形成以解决问题为核心的设计方案。最后,对建筑学研究型人才培养进行了反思与展望。Addressing the challenges in cultivating research-oriented talents in architecture amidst technological transformations and industry transitions in the new era,this paper introduces the developmental thought process behind the"Integrated Bachelor-Doctorate"program for research-oriented talents at Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology.It outlines five reform measures during the undergraduate phase and elaborates on the architectural design curriculum system reform aimed at nurturing research-oriented talents.This includes project-driven research practices,a curriculum structured by objectives,and stage-specific evaluations.Using the"City and Context"course offered in the second semester of the sophomore year(the fourth semester)as an example,the paper provides a detailed explanation of the teaching process and methods employed.The course is divided into two parts:research—identifying and analyzing problems,and design—solving problems.Through a gradual and progressive teaching arrangement,students are guided to observe urban spaces and cultural phenomena,condense complex elements,and formulate research questions and analytical frameworks.In the design phase,the traditional teaching model of design courses is altered.Students,guided by research questions and frameworks,construct value-oriented,logically deduced,and targeted design strategies,ultimately forming problem-solving centered design proposals.Finally,the paper reflects on and looks forward to the cultivation of research-oriented talents in architecture.

关 键 词：建筑学 建筑学教育 人才培养 设计课 研究型人才 

分 类 号：TU-0[建筑科学—建筑理论] G64[文化科学—高等教育学]