狄氏副拟杆菌对2型糖尿病引起认知障碍的改善作用  

Ameliorative Effect of Parabacteroides distaxsonis on Cognitive Impairment Caused by Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

作　　者：杜玥 赵中娜 刘学波[1] DU Yue;ZHAO Zhongna;LIU Xuebo(College of Food Science and Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学食品科学与工程学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《食品科学》2025年第9期165-176,共12页Food Science

基　　金：陕西省科技计划重点产业创新链项目(2024SF-ZDCYL-03-23)。

摘　　要：目的:探究狄氏副拟杆菌(Parabacteroides distaxsonis)对2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)所引起认知障碍的改善作用及机制。方法:采用10周龄db/db小鼠,灌胃P.distasonis菌液(浓度为1×10^(9)CFU/mL),持续5周。实验期间对小鼠体质量和胰岛素抵抗状态变化进行监测,同时通过行为学实验监测小鼠空间记忆、识别记忆和工作记忆变化,并对小鼠血清中胰岛素、总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)等糖脂代谢相关指标进行测定,观察肝脏、脑部、结肠等组织形态学及炎症水平变化。最后对血清中胆汁酸浓度的变化及胆汁酸代谢相关基因的mRNA表达情况进行检测。结果:P.distasonis的干预有效改善了db/db小鼠血糖稳态和胰岛素抵抗;降低了db/db小鼠脂肪组织质量,减少了肝脏脂肪堆积;降低了血清中的TC、LDL-C和TG浓度;改善了db/db小鼠结肠形态,保护了肠道屏障完整性,降低了肠道炎症水平;促进了胆汁酸的生成,激活了胆汁酸代谢的相关信号通路;抑制了脑部神经炎症和氧化应激,恢复了db/db小鼠脑部神经元损伤,显著改善了db/db小鼠的认知障碍。结论:P.distasonis能够降低血糖,减轻胰岛素抵抗,改善由T2DM引发的糖脂代谢紊乱和认知功能障碍,具有成为新一代抗糖尿病综合症益生菌的潜力。Objective:To investigate the ameliorative effect and mechanism of Parabacteroides distasonis on cognitive impairment caused by type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:Ten-week-old db/db mice were administered with P.distasonis(1×10^(9)CFU/mL)by gavage for 5 weeks.During this period,the body mass and insulin resistance of all mice were monitored.Behavioral tests were conducted to evaluate changes in spatial memory,recognition memory,and working memory capacity.Furthermore,serum levels of insulin,total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and triglycerides(TG)were measured,along with morphological and inflammatory changes in liver,brain,and colon tissues.Additionally,changes in serum bile acids and the mRNA expression of genes associated with bile acid metabolism were examined.Results:Intervention with P.distasonis effectively regulated blood glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance in db/db mice.It reduced the mass of adipose tissue,decreased hepatic fat accumulation,and lowered serum concentrations of TC,LDL-C and TG.The intervention restored colonic morphology,protected intestinal barrier integrity,and reduced intestinal inflammation.It also promoted bile acid production and activated bile acid metabolism-related signaling pathways.Meanwhile,it suppressed cerebral neuroinflammation and oxidative stress,repaired neuronal damage,and significantly alleviated cognitive impairment.Conclusion:P.distasonis intervention can lower blood glucose,alleviate insulin resistance,and mitigate glucose and lipid metabolic disorders as well as cognitive dysfunction induced by T2DM,showing potential as a new generation of probiotics for diabetic management.

关 键 词：狄氏副拟杆菌 2型糖尿病 降血糖 认知障碍 胆汁酸 

分 类 号：TS201.3[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]