基于超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱技术的不同黄金茶品种绿茶差异成分分析  

Analysis of Differential Components in Green Teas from Five Huangjincha Cultivars Using Ultra-high Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry

作　　者：向博文 赵洋[2] 璩馥榕 杨培迪[2] 王润龙[2] 涂洪强 刘振[2] XIANG Bowen;ZHAO Yang*;QU Furong;YANG Peidi;WANG Runlong;TU Hongqiang;LIU Zhen(Jishou Tea Industry Development Service Center,Jishou 416000,China;Hunan Tea Research Institute,National Center for Tea Improvement in Hunan Branch,Changsha 410125,China)

机构地区：[1]吉首市茶叶产业发展服务中心,湖南吉首416000 [2]湖南省茶叶研究所,国家茶树改良中心湖南分中心,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《食品科学》2025年第9期235-247,共13页Food Science

基　　金：国家茶叶产业技术体系项目(CARS-19);“十四五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFD1600801)。

摘　　要：为解析不同黄金茶品种绿茶品质差异形成的物质基础,筛选不同黄金茶品种绿茶的差异代谢物,本研究结合感官审评、高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)和超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱(ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry,UPLC-Q-Exactive/MS)代谢组学技术,对5个黄金茶品种(保靖黄金茶1号、黄金茶2号、黄金茶3号、黄金茶5号和黄金茶16号)绿茶进行制茶品质比较和生化成分测定。感官审评结果表明,5个黄金茶新品种绿茶各有特色。基于UPLC-QExactive/MS代谢组学技术共鉴定出代谢物173个,分为11大类。HPLC定量测定的16个代谢物含量与代谢组测定的结果一致。聚类分析结果显示,黄金茶5号、黄金茶3号和黄金茶16号聚为一类,保靖黄金茶1号和黄金茶2号聚为一类。保靖黄金茶1号具有较高的氨基酸和茶氨酸含量,在16种N-乙基-2-吡咯烷酮取代的黄烷醇类化合物中有9种化合物总量最高;黄金茶2号中原花青素类、异牡荆素、木犀草素-8-C-葡萄糖苷、牡荆素等含量较高;黄金茶3号具有较高含量的水浸出物、茶多酚、表没食子儿茶素-3-(3-O-甲基)没食子酸酯、表没食子儿茶素-3-(4-O-甲基)没食子酸酯等物质;黄金茶5号具有较高含量的芹菜素、荭草素、山柰酚、茶黄素类物质。香气前体物质苯甲基樱草糖苷均为黄金茶2号、黄金茶16号与保靖黄金茶1号的差异代谢物,其上调差异倍数均为最高。同时,在保靖黄金茶1号、黄金茶2号、黄金茶3号、黄金茶5号和黄金茶16号中分别筛选到了13、10、9、17、5个与其他4个品种共有的差异代谢物。本研究系统地探明了不同品种黄金茶绿茶的差异代谢物,可为黄金茶绿茶品种选育和产品鉴别提供参考。To explore differential metabolites among green teas made from different Huangjincha cultivars,this study combined sensory evaluation,high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC),and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole orbitrap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Exactive/MS)-based metabolomics to compare the quality and biochemical components of five Huangjincha green teas(Baojing Huangjincha 1,Huangjincha 2,Huangjincha 3,Huangjincha 5,and Huangjincha 16).The sensory evaluation results indicated that each Huangjincha green tea had its own characteristics.A total of 173 metabolites were identified and classified into 11 categories including 16 N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidinone-substituted flavan-3-ol(EPSF)compounds.The contents of 16 metabolites quantitatively determined by HPLC were consistent with the metabolomics results.Huangjincha 5,Huangjincha 3,and Huangjincha 16 were grouped into one cluster,while Baojing Huangjincha 1 and Huangjincha 2 were grouped into another.Baojing Huangjincha 1 had relatively high contents of amino acids and theanine,as well as the total amount of 9 EPSF compounds.The contents of procyanidins,isovitexin,luteolin-8-C-glucoside,and vitexin in Huangjincha 2 was relatively high.Huangjincha 3 had high contents of water extract,tea polyphenols,epigallocatechin-3-O-(3-O-methyl)-gallate(EGCG3″Me),epigallocatechin-3-O-(4-Omethyl)gallate(EGCG4″Me).Huangjincha 5 had high contents of apigenin,orientin,kaempferol,and theaflavins.Benzyl primeveroside as an aroma precursor was found to be the differential metabolite in Huangjincha 2 and Huangjincha 16 versus Baojing Huangjincha 1,with the highest up-regulation fold change being observed for both Huangjincha 2 and Huangjincha 16.Furthermore,13,10,9,17,and 5 shared differential metabolites were identified in Baojing Huangjincha 1,Huangjincha 2,Huangjincha 3,Huangjincha 5,and Huangjincha 16 versus four other cultivars,respectively.This study will provide a reference for the breeding and identification of Huangjincha green tea.

关 键 词：黄金茶 绿茶 超高效液相色谱-四极杆-静电场轨道阱质谱 代谢组 差异代谢物 

分 类 号：TS272[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]