产芽孢细菌检测方法的研究进展  

Research Progress in Detection Methods for Spore-Forming Bacteria

作　　者：和晓兰 郑楠[1] 赵艳坤 王加启[1] 孟璐[1] HE Xiaolan;ZHENG Nan;ZHAO Yankun;WANG Jiaqi;MENG Lu(Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products(Beijing),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Animal Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products(Ürümqi),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety of Xinjiang,Institute of Quality Standards&Testing Technology for Agro-products,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Ürümqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,农业农村部奶产品质量安全风险评估实验室(北京),北京100193 [2]新疆农业科学院农业质量标准与检测技术研究所,农业农村部农产品质量安全风险评估实验室(乌鲁木齐),新疆农产品质量安全重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《食品科学》2025年第9期391-400,共10页Food Science

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划重点专项(2022YFD1301003);国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS36);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(ASTIP-IAS12);天山创新团队项目(2022D14016);新疆奶产业技术体系专项(XJARS-11)。

摘　　要：在不良的环境条件下,产芽孢细菌会形成芽孢休眠体。芽孢能够在极端环境中存活数年,环境条件适宜时,又重新萌发为营养细胞,进而影响产品的品质和货架期。目前,对于食品中产芽孢细菌的检测方法,我国最常用的仍然是培养法,这种方法需耗时48 h及以上,不能实现对产芽孢细菌的快速检测,存在一定局限性。本文对产芽孢细菌的多种检测方法进行综述,包括国内外采用的常规培养的检测方法、基于核酸扩增的检测方法、基于荧光染料的检测方法、基于芽孢特有成分吡啶二羧酸的检测和其他检测方法等,并对各种方法的优点、检测时间和检测限等进行了总结和整理,旨在为产芽孢细菌检测领域提供基础知识和研究背景。Under adverse environmental conditions,spore-forming bacteria can form spores,which are capable of surviving for many years in extreme environments.When environmental conditions are favorable,they germinate into vegetative cells,which seriously affects product quality and shelf life.At present,the conventional culture method is most commonly used for detecting spore-forming bacteria in foods,which takes 48 hours or more,and cannot accurately and reliably monitor the number of spores,having definite limitations.This paper reviews a variety of methods for the detection of spore-forming bacteria,including the conventional culture method,nucleic acid amplification-based assays,fluorescent dye-based assays,and dipicolinic acid(DPA)-based assays.Furthermore,the advantages of these methods,as well as their detection times and detection limits are summarized with the aim of providing basic knowledge and research background for the detection of spore-producing bacteria.

关 键 词：芽孢 聚合酶链式反应 流式细胞术 吡啶二羧酸 检测方法 

分 类 号：TS207.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学] TS252.7[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]