低聚半乳糖对便秘小鼠的缓解作用及机制  

Effect and Mechanism of Galacto-oligosaccharides on Constipation in Mice

作　　者：潘雅 沈飞[1] 陈鸣 冯凤琴[1] PAN Ya;SHEN Fei;CHEN Ming;FENG Fengqin(College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310000,China;Hangzhou Kangyuan Food Science&Technology Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 310000,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院,浙江杭州310000 [2]杭州康源食品科技有限公司,浙江杭州310000

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2025年第9期381-391,共11页Science and Technology of Food Industry

摘　　要：目的:研究低聚半乳糖(galacto-oligosaccharides,GOS)对洛派丁胺(loperamide,Lop)诱导的小鼠便秘的缓解作用及其机制,为便秘治疗提供新依据。方法:将36只雄性BALB/C小鼠随机分为3组,分别为空白组、造模组、GOS组。检测各组小鼠生长状态、排便情况和小肠推进率。利用HE染色观察结肠组织形态变化;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应测定小鼠结肠中水通道蛋白、粘蛋白和紧密连接蛋白的mRNA表达;16S rRNA测序分析粪便肠道菌群;气相色谱法测定短链脂肪酸含量。结果:与造模组相比,GOS组小鼠体重增加量显著提高(P<0.05),首颗黑便排出时间显著缩短(P<0.05),5 h粪便颗粒数和含水量显著增加(P<0.05);结肠组织损伤缓解;结肠组织中AQP4和AQP8的mRNA表达降低69.30%和56.38%,Muc2、Muc3和Zo-1的mRNA表达提高74.94%、61.61%和73.49%,均出现显著差异(P<0.05);粪便中有益菌Lactobacillus和norank_f_Muribaculaceae的丰度增加,丙酸和丁酸含量显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:GOS具有显著的缓解便秘作用,其机制可能与修复肠道屏障损伤、调节肠道水代谢和肠道菌群组成有关。Objective:To investigate the laxative effect and mechanism of galacto-oligosaccharides(GOS)on loperamide(Lop)-induced constipation in mice,which provides novel insights into the treatment of constipation.Methods:Thirty-six male BALB/C mice were randomly divided into three groups,including the blank group,the model group,and the GOS group.The growth status,defecation situation and small intestine transit rate of each group were measured.Subsequently,the morphological changes of the colon tissue were observed using HE staining.The mRNA expression levels of aquaporins,mucins,and tight junction proteins in the colon were quantified by real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction.The fecal intestinal microbiota composition was characterized via 16S rRNA gene sequencing,while the concentration of short-chain fatty acids was determined through gas chromatography.Results:Compared to the model group,the GOS group showed a significant increase in body weight gain(P<0.05),a notable reduction in the time of the first black stool(P<0.05),and a highly significant elevation in the number of fecal pellets and their moisture content within 5 hours(P<0.05).At the same time,the damage of the colonic tissue was alleviated.The mRNA expressions of AQP-4 and AQP-8 in the colon tissue were reduced by 69.30%and 56.38%,while the mRNA expressions of Muc-2,Muc-3,and Zo-1 were increased by 74.94%,61.61%and 73.49%,respectively.All these variations were statistically significant(P<0.05).Meanwhile,there was a remarkable increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus and norank_f_Muribaculaceae in fecal samples.In the end,an obvious rise in the levels of propionic and butyric acids was observed significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:GOS exhibits a significant effect on alleviating constipation by repairing intestinal barrier dysfunction,regulating intestinal water metabolism,and modulating the composition of gut microbiota.

关 键 词：低聚半乳糖 洛派丁胺 便秘 肠道菌群 肠道屏障 

分 类 号：TS201.4[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]