家庭社会经济地位与留守儿童问题行为:父母教养方式与自尊的链式中介作用  

Familial socioeconomic status and problem behaviors of left-behind children in rural areas:The chain mediation effect of parenting style and self-esteem

作　　者：黄月胜[1] 陈丹 HUANG Yuesheng;CHEN Dan(School of Education/Hunan Key Laboratory of Children’s Psychological Development and Brain Cognitive Science,Hunan First Normal University,Changsha 410205)

机构地区：[1]湖南第一师范学院教育学院/儿童心理发育与脑认知科学湖南省重点实验室,长沙410205

出　　处：《心理研究》2025年第2期185-192,共8页Psychological Research

基　　金：湖南省教育厅科学研究重点项目(编号:21A0577)。

摘　　要：采用父母教养方式问卷、长处与困难问卷、自尊量表、个人信息调查表对713名留守儿童和387名非留守儿童进行测查,探讨家庭社会经济地位(SES)对留守儿童问题行为的影响及其作用机制。结果发现:(1)留守儿童在家庭SES、父母关爱与自尊上的得分均显著低于非留守儿童,在父母心理控制、问题行为上的得分均显著高于非留守儿童;(2)家庭SES负向预测留守儿童的问题行为,但主要通过父母关爱、父母心理控制、自尊的单独中介以及父母关爱-自尊的链式中介起作用;(3)相对于非留守儿童,留守儿童的家庭SES对自尊的正向预测作用、父母关爱在家庭SES对其问题行为影响中的单独中介效应更大,而家庭SES对其父母心理控制的负向预测作用、父母关爱对其自尊的正向预测作用更小。To explore the effects of familial socioeconomic status on left-behind children’s problem behaviors and its mechanism,713 left-behind children and 387 non-left-behind children were tested by using parental bonding instrument,strengths and difficulties questionnaire,self-esteem scale and personal information questionnaire.The results showed that:(1)The scores of familial SES,parental care and self-esteem of left-behind children were significantly lower than those of non-left-behind children,and the scores of parental psychological control and problem behaviors were significantly higher than those of non-left-behind children;(2)Family SES negatively predicted the problem behaviors of left-behind children,but it was mainly mediated by parental care,parental psychological control and self-esteem respectively,and the chain mediation of parental care and self-esteem.(3)Compared with non-left-behind children,the familial SES of left-behind children had a greater positive prediction effect on self-esteem and the single mediating effect of parental care was larger,while the negative prediction effect of family SES on parental psychological control and the positive prediction effect of parental care on self-esteem were smaller.

关 键 词：农村留守儿童 问题行为 自尊 父母教养方式 家庭社会经济地位 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]