中国高职院校评价指标的共性与个性、现状与未来  

Commonality and Individuality,Current Situation and Future of Evaluation Indicators for Higher Vocational Colleges in China

作　　者：汤建民 汪莹 TANG Jianmin;WANG Ying(Hangzhou Dianzi University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州电子科技大学,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《江苏高职教育》2025年第2期89-99,共11页Jiangsu Higher Vocational Education

摘　　要：高职院校是我国高质量专业型人才培养的重要组织机构,一套科学合理的高职院校评价指标体系不仅是衡量院校办学水平的重要标尺,也是保障其办学质量、引导其持续改进的重要工具。以6家具有代表性的高职院校评价指标体系为研究样本,综合运用词频统计、知识图谱绘制和文本阅读等方法,分析6个评价指标体系的共性与个性。研究发现,共性指标主要包括优势骨干专业、国家级教学成果奖、师生比、职教名师、就业率、专利发明、职业院校技能大赛、双高校名单等,总体表现出以输出评价为主的导向。同时,不同评价机构也各具特色,反映了各评价机构的偏好、优长和局限,也反映了高职院校评价中的复杂性、动态性和模糊性。未来可以在适当加强背景评价、进一步完善输入评价、继续丰富过程评价、科学运用成果评价方面改进和完善。Higher vocational colleges are important institutions for cultivating high-quality and professional talents in China.A scientific and reasonable evaluation indicator system for higher vocational colleges is not only an essential measure of their educational standards but also a vital tool for ensuring and enhancing their quality of education and guiding continuous improvement.This paper selects representative evaluation indicator systems for higher vocational colleges from six different institutions as research samples,and comprehensively uses methods such as word frequency counting,knowledge mapping,and text reading to analyze the commonality and individuality of the six evaluation indicator systems.The research reveals that common indicators primarily include advantaged backbone majors,national teaching achievement award,teacher-student ratio,renowned vocational educators,employment rates,invention patents,vocational college skill competitions,and double-high school lists,generally exhibiting an output-oriented approach to evaluation.Each evaluation institution also has its unique features,reflecting their preferences,strengths,and limitations,as well as the complexity,dynamism,and ambiguity inherent in the evaluation of higher vocational colleges.Future enhancements and refinements can be made by appropriately strengthening background evaluations,further improving input evaluations,continuing to enrich process evaluations,and scientifically applying outcome evaluations.

关 键 词：高职院校 高职教育 教育评价 评价指标 大学排行榜 

分 类 号：G719.2[文化科学—职业技术教育学]