幼儿园教师付出—回报失衡感表征、行为选择及平衡重构——基于SSO因果模型  

The Representation of Kindergarten Teachers’ Sense of Effort-Reward Imbalance, Their Behavioral Choices and Balance Reconstruction--Based on the SSO Causal Model

作　　者：李杨 贺敬雯 LI Yang;HE Jingwen(School of Preschool and Primary Education,Shenyang Normal University,Shenyang 110034,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳师范大学学前与初等教育学院,辽宁沈阳110034

出　　处：《河南科技学院学报(社会科学版)》2025年第4期65-76,共12页Journal of Henan Institute of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学青年项目“教师专业愿景的形成、发展机制及建设路径研究”(CHA200264),主持人:贺敬雯。

摘　　要：为探究幼儿园教师付出—回报失衡感的产生原因、类型与失衡后的行为选择,基于扎根理论,以14位幼儿园教师为研究对象,并结合SSO因果模型构建幼儿园教师付出—回报失衡感框架。结果表明,幼儿园教师付出—回报失衡感具有多重性和层次性,其失衡感可分为物质回报失衡、情感回报失衡、职业稳定回报失衡三类。其中,由工作负担加剧、组织分配不均触发的幼儿园教师物质回报失衡是首要“着力点”,由人际关系紧张、家长理解偏颇构成的幼儿园教师情感回报失衡是间接“催化剂”,由职业稳定性不足、发展空间受限导致的幼儿园教师职业稳定回报失衡是最终“助推器”。在失衡的压力下,幼儿园教师利用已有的资源进行平衡重构,从而产生坚守初心、循环上升、工作退缩、无奈离职四种行为选择。为此,应从改善园所薪资待遇,缓解幼儿园教师物质失衡;增强园所内部支持,调和幼儿园教师情感失衡;主动寻求发展机会,减少幼儿园教师稳定失衡三方面着手,以改善幼儿园教师付出—回报的失衡感,不断增强幼儿园教师的职业归属感与情感韧性。In order to explore the causes,types of kindergarten teachers’sense of effort-reward imbalance and their behavioral choices after experiencing such imbalance,based on the grounded theory,this study took 14 kindergarten teachers as the research subjects and constructed a framework for kindergarten teachers’sense of effort-reward imbalance in combination with the SSO causal model.The results show that kindergarten teachers’sense of effort-reward imbalance is multi-faceted and hierarchical,and this sense of imbalance can be divided into three categories:imbalance in material and economic rewards,imbalance in emotional and respect rewards,and imbalance in occupational stability rewards.Among them,the imbalance in material and economic rewards for kindergarten teachers triggered by the increased work burden and uneven organizational distribution is the primary“focus point”.The imbalance in emotional and respect rewards for kindergarten teachers,which is caused by tense interpersonal relationships and one-sided understanding from parents,serves as an indirect“catalyst”.And the imbalance in occupational stability rewards for kindergarten teachers,resulting from insufficient occupational stability and limited development space,is the final“booster”.Under the pressure of the imbalance,kindergarten teachers utilize existing resources to reconstruct the balance,thus leading to four types of behavioral choices:sticking to their original aspirations,making cyclic progress,withdrawing from work,and leaving their jobs out of helplessness.Therefore,efforts should be made to reduce kindergarten teachers’sense of effort-reward imbalance by improving the salary and benefits in kindergartens to alleviate the material imbalance of kindergarten teachers,enhancing the internal support within kindergartens to reconcile the emotional imbalance of kindergarten teachers,and actively seeking development opportunities to reduce the imbalance in stability for kindergarten teachers.

关 键 词：幼儿园教师 付出—回报失衡感 扎根理论 SSO模型 情感韧性 

分 类 号：G615[文化科学—学前教育学]