气相色谱-燃烧-稳定同位素质谱技术应用于威士忌外源性酒精的鉴别  

Application of gas chromatography-combustion-stable isotope mass spectrometry in the identification of exogenous alcohol in whisky

作　　者：陈波 罗洁 何纯点 刘彬 易冰清 涂小珂 靳保辉 CHEN Bo;LUO Jie;HE Chundian;LIU Bin;YI Bingqing;TU Xiaoke;JIN Baohui(Food Inspection and Quarantine Technology Center,Shenzhen Customs,Shenzhen 518067,China;China Customs Science and Technology Research Center,Beijing 100026,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳海关食品检验检疫技术中心,广东深圳518067 [2]中国海关科学技术研究中心,北京100026

出　　处：《中国酿造》2025年第4期285-289,共5页China Brewing

基　　金：海关总署科技项目(2024HK003);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022A02002-2)。

摘　　要：该研究以129份苏格兰、爱尔兰、美国和日本等不同产地的威士忌为样品,利用挥发性风味成分中异丁醇、正丙醇、戊醇、乙酸乙酯、乙醛和乙醇的碳稳定同位素比值(δ^(13)C)的差异,采用气相色谱-燃烧-稳定同位素质谱(GC-C-IRMS)建立了威士忌中外源性酒精的鉴别方法。结果表明,基于乙醇的δ^(13)C分布范围判别掺伪。其中,苏格兰单一麦芽威士忌中乙醇的δ^(13)C范围为-27.84‰~-25.04‰,苏格兰调配威士忌中乙醇的δ^(13)C范围为-28.21‰~-20.72‰,含有玉米原料威士忌中乙醇的δ^(13)C范围为-26.66‰~-12.83‰,不含玉米原料威士忌中乙醇的δ^(13)C范围为-28.86‰~-24.04‰。基于拟合线性截距偏差范围(2倍SD值)判别掺伪,威士忌中乙醇与正丙醇、异丁醇、乙醛的δ^(13)C值呈现较好的线性关系,相关系数(R^(2))分别为0.876、0.832和0.868。将拟合线性的截距偏差范围与乙醇的δ^(13)C分布范围相结合,威士忌外源性酒精的鉴别更灵敏。Using 129 whiskies from different regions such as Scotland,Ireland,America and Japan as research samples,the differences in carbon stable isotope ratios(SC)ofisobutanol,n-propanol,amyl alcohol,ethyl acetate,acetaldehyde and ethanol among the volatile flavor components was detected,and a method for the identification of exogenous alcohol in whiskey was established by gas chromatography-combustion-stable isotope mass spec-trometry(GC-C-IRMS).Results showed that the 81C of ethanol in Scottish single malt whisky ranged from-27.84%o to-25.04%o,the 8^(13)C of ethanol in Scottish blended whisky ranged from-28.21%o to-20.72%o,the 8°C of ethanol in whisky containing corn raw material ranged from-26.66%o to-12.83%o,the a^(13)C of ethanol in whisky without corn raw material ranged from-28.86%o to-24.04%o.Based on the fited linear intercept deviation range(2SD)to discriminating adulteration,the C of ethanol showed good linear relationship with that of n-propanol,isobutanol and acetaldehyde in whisky.The correlation coefficients(R)was 0.876,0.832,and 0.868,respectively.By combining the linear intercept deviation range with the 31C distribution range of ethanol,the identification of whisky exogenous alcohol is more sensitive.

关 键 词：威士忌 气相色谱-燃烧-稳定同位素质谱 外源性酒精 鉴别 

分 类 号：TS262.3[轻工技术与工程—发酵工程] O657.7[轻工技术与工程—食品科学与工程]