起落架舱门联动机构故障分析与优化设计  

Fault Analysis and Optimization Design of Landing Gear Door Linkage Mechanism

作　　者：史栩瑞 张健 梁涛涛 印寅[1] 魏小辉[1] 聂宏[1] SHI Xurui;ZHANG Jian;LIANG Taotao;YIN Yin;WEI Xiaohui;NIE Hong(State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control for Aerospace Structures,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China;Chengdu Aircraft Industry(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China;College of General Aviation and Flight,Nanjing University of Aeronautics&Astronautics,Liyang 213300,China)

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室,南京210016 [2]成都飞机工业(集团)有限责任公司,成都610031 [3]南京航空航天大学通用航空与飞行学院,溧阳213300

出　　处：《南京航空航天大学学报(自然科学版)》2025年第2期292-300,共9页Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52172368,52302453,52275114);江苏省自然科学基金(BK20220135);航空航天结构力学及控制全国重点实验室(南京航空航天大学)自主研究课题(MCAS-I-0224G03);南京航空航天大学前瞻布局科研专项资金(1001-ILB23008)。

摘　　要：为了解决舱门联动式起落架收放过程中出现的联动机构变形问题,根据其运动特点,基于D-H坐标变换法和第二类拉格朗日方程建立了联动机构的运动学和动力学模型,通过数值仿真求解得出机构铰链力矩突变导致连杆变形。为解决故障问题,首先分析联动机构空间安装位置和杆长变化对机构力学性能的影响,找出关键位置,根据铰链旋转轴空间位置关系建立考虑姿态变化的优化模型,通过粒子群算法对铰链空间位置和姿态进行寻优,找出了最佳安装点,并比较优化前后结果。结果显示:优化后铰链旋转速度突变降低80.0%,铰链所受力矩降低74.8%,机构运动更加平稳,避免了变形的发生。To solve the deformation problem of the linkage mechanism in the process of retracting and unwinding the linkage landing gear of the door,according to its motion characteristics,the kinematics and dynamics models of the linkage mechanism are established based on the D-H coordinate transformation method and the second type of Lagrange equation.The deformation of the connecting rod caused by the sudden change of the hinge moment of the mechanism is solved through numerical simulation.To solve the fault problem,firstly,the influence of the spatial installation position and rod length change of the linkage mechanism on the mechanical properties of the mechanism is analyzed,the key positions are found,an optimization model considering the attitude change is established according to the spatial position relationship of the hinge rotation axis,and the spatial position and attitude of the hinge are optimized by particle swarm optimization,the optimal installation point is found,and the results before and after optimization are compared.The results show that after optimization,the rotation speed of the hinge is abruptly reduced by 80.0%,the torque of the hinge is reduced by 74.8%,the movement of the mechanism is more stable,and the deformation is avoided.

关 键 词：起落架舱门联动机构 故障分析 运动学模型 拉格朗日方程 粒子群优化 

分 类 号：TH12[机械工程—机械设计及理论] V226[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]