基于DEM-MBD耦合算法的茶园仿生掘耕机优化与试验  

Optimization and Testing of Tea Garden Biomimetic Tillage Machine Based on DEM-MBD Coupling Algorithm

作　　者：贾治军 姜嘉胤 徐家俊 李杨 董春旺 宋文韬 李凯[1,6,7] 韦持章 姚雨晨 姚立健 杨自栋[1,6,7] 刘皓央 马蓉[1,6,7] JIA Zhijun;JIANG Jiayin;XU Jiajun;LI Yang;DONG Chunwang;SONG Wentao;LI Kai;WEI Chizhang;YAO Yuchen;YAO Lijian;YANG Zidong;LIU Haoyang;MA Rong(School of Optoelectronics and Mechanical Engineering,Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University,Hangzhou 311300,China;Tea Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310008,China;Zhejiang Kawasaki Tea Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Hangzhou 311121,China;Tea Research Institute of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Horticultural Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007,China;National Engineering Technology Research Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forestry and Grassland Machinery for Hilly and Mountainous Areas,Hangzhou 311300,China;Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Areas in South-Eastern China(Co-Construction by Ministry and Province),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Hangzhou 311300,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学光机电工程学院,浙江杭州311300 [2]中国农业科学院茶叶研究所,浙江杭州310008 [3]浙江川崎茶业机械有限公司,浙江杭州311121 [4]山东省农业科学院茶叶研究所,山东济南250100 [5]广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所,广西南宁530007 [6]国家林业草原丘陵山地林草机械工程技术研究中心,浙江杭州311300 [7]农业农村部东南丘陵山地农业装备重点实验室(部省共建),浙江杭州311300

出　　处：《茶叶科学》2025年第2期284-302,共19页Journal of Tea Science

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂农科AB241484030);浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划(2024ZDXT06);浙江省“尖兵”研发攻关计划(2022C02010);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(1610212021004)。

摘　　要：针对茶园耕作过程中因土壤板结粘滞特性导致的机具耕作阻力大、作业质量差等问题,基于鼹鼠爪趾生物力学特征创新设计了一款复合仿生耕作铲,通过四杆机构集成设计研制了新型茶园掘耕机。研究过程中,首先基于离散元法(Discrete element method,DEM)与多体动力学(Multi-body dynamics,MBD)耦合算法对仿生掘耕机的耕作过程进行动态模拟分析。同时借助Design-Expert 13试验设计软件,采用三因素三水平正交试验法(耕作铲入土角度、驱动臂转速、机具前进速度)开展整机工作参数优化研究,确定在耕作深度100 mm时,安装复合仿生耕作铲的茶园仿生掘耕机最佳工作参数组合为入土角度33.506°、驱动臂转速289.923 r·min^(-1)、机具行进速度0.2 m·s^(-1)。基于此优化参数,通过土壤颗粒运动速度分布特征进行耕作扰动对比仿真分析。最后开展田间验证试验,结果表明:相较于传统原型铲,装配复合仿生耕作铲的掘耕机减阻率为5.70%,碎土率提升至91.05%,其他作业评价指标均有所提升,工作性能能够满足茶园耕作的要求,验证了其仿生结构设计的有效性与工程实用性。To solve the problems of high resistance and poor operation efficiency caused by soil compaction and stickiness in tea plantation cultivation,this study designed a tea plantation composite biomimetic tillage shovel based on the mole claw toe as a biomimetic prototype,and integrated it with a four-bar mechanism to develop a tea garden tillage machine.Firstly,a simulation analysis of the tillage process of a tea garden bionic tillage shovel was carried out based on the coupling algorithm of Discrete Element Method(DEM)and Multi Body Dynamics(MBD).At the same time,Design Expert 13 experimental design software was used to design and carry out a three-factor three-level simulation orthogonal combination experiment.It was found that when the tillage depth was 100 mm,the optimal working parameters of the tea garden biomimetic tillage machine with a composite biomimetic tillage shovel were the plowing shovel insertion angle of 33.506°,the driving arm speed of 289.923 r·min^(-1),and the tillage machine forward speed of 0.2 m·s^(-1).Subsequently,a comparative analysis of soil disturbance simulation based on soil particle velocity distribution was conducted under these working parameters.Finally,a comparative experiment was conducted in tea gardens using a composite biomimetic tillage shovel and a prototype shovel under the same working parameters.The results show that compared with the prototype shovel,the average resistance of the tea garden biomimetic tillage machine equipped with a composite biomimetic shovel was reduced by 5.70%,and the performance evaluation indicators such as soil fragmentation rate were improved.Its working performance can meet the requirements of tea garden cultivation.

关 键 词：茶园耕作机械 离散元法 多体动力学 耦合算法 仿生结构设计 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] TS272.3[农业科学—作物学]