人工智能赋能特殊教育学生发展:应用逻辑与实践路径  

The Application Logic and Practical Paths of Artificial Intelligence Empowering the Development of Special Education Students

作　　者：范文翔 施昌阳 李珂琳 杨俊锋[1] FAN Wenxiang;SHI Changyang;LI Kelin;YANG Junfeng(Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121)

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学,浙江杭州311121

出　　处：《现代远距离教育》2025年第1期34-47,共14页Modern Distance Education

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“人工智能教育场景应用的伦理与限度研究”(编号:ACA220027);安徽省质量工程高等教育重大决策部署研究项目“课程思政背景下高校智慧教材的价值逻辑与开发策略研究”(编号:2022jcbs055);教育部产学合作协同育人项目“生成式人工智能赋能师范生数字素养与技能提升的学理研究”(编号:240904171111322);杭州市社科常规性规划课题“杭州市中学生STEM职业期望现状与优化策略研究”(编号:Z24JC014)。

摘　　要：在教育数字化转型的背景下,人工智能已成为赋能特殊教育学生发展的重要力量。基于特殊教育对象的分类视角,系统探讨了人工智能技术赋能视觉障碍、听觉障碍、语言障碍、学习障碍和自闭症谱系障碍等不同类别身心障碍学生,以及资赋优异学生与轻微违法犯罪学生发展的基本逻辑与应用思路。研究发现,虽然人工智能赋能不同类别特殊教育学生发展的关注重点与思路不尽相同,但是总体的应用逻辑是一致的,都是希望利用人工智能的技术优势为特殊教育学生筛查、诊断、干预及发展全过程提供更加智能化与精准的支持,帮助特殊教育学生更好地适应数字时代的生存与发展。为了充分发挥人工智能的引擎作用、更好地赋能特殊教育学生发展,在实践路径方面,应持续加大相关政策的支持力度、努力推动特殊教育的数字化转型,加强人工智能人才培养、注重特教产品的创新设计,推动跨学科合作研发、加速人工智能特教产品的创新与迭代,重视人工智能特教产品的推广普及、推动人工智能特教产品的常态化应用,处理好伦理道德问题、保障学生隐私与数据安全。In the context of digital transformation of education,artificial intelligence(AI)has become an important force to empower the development of special education students.Based on the classification perspective of special education objects,the article systematically explores the basic logic and application ideas of artificial intelligence technology to empower the development of different categories of physically and mentally challenged students,such as visually impaired,hearing impaired,language impaired,learning impaired,and autism spectrum disorders,as well as gifted and talented students,and students with minor delinquency.The study found that although the focus and ideas of AI empowering the development of different categories of special education students are different,the overall application logic is the same,which is to utilize the technological advantages of AI to provide smarter and more accurate support for the whole process of screening,diagnosis,intervention and development of special education students,and to help the special education students better adapt to the survival and development in the digital era.In order to give full play to the role of the engine of AI and better empower the development of special education students,in terms of the practical path,we should continue to increase the support of relevant policies,and strive to promote the digital transformation of special education;strengthen the training of AI talents,and pay attention to the innovative design of special education products;promote interdisciplinary cooperation in research and development,and accelerate the innovation and iteration of AI special education products;and pay attention to the promotion and popularization of AI special education products,and promote the development and development of AI special education products,and popularize and promote the normalized application of AI special education products;and deal with ethical and moral issues to safeguard students’privacy and data security.

关 键 词：人工智能 特殊教育 技术赋能 身心障碍 融合教育 

分 类 号：G43[文化科学—教育学]