课堂高阶问题的特征识别与设计策略优化--基于文本语料库循证的方法  

Feature Identification and Design Strategy Optimization of Classroom Higher-order Questions-An Evidence-based Approach Based on Text Corpus

作　　者：曲茜茜 刘晓楠 解月光 武晓旋 QU Xixi;LIU Xiaonan;XIE Yueguang;WU Xiaoxuan(School of Educational Science,Harbin Normal University,Harbin Heilongjiang 150025;Puyang Oilfield No.1 Middle School,Puyang Henan 457000;School of Information Science and Technology,Northeast Normal University,Changchun Jilin 130117)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学教育科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150025 [2]濮阳市油田第一中学,河南濮阳457000 [3]东北师范大学信息科学与技术学院,吉林长春130117

出　　处：《电化教育研究》2025年第5期94-102,共9页E-education Research

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“大数据的知识发现赋能中小学高阶思维课堂教学实施路径研究”(项目编号:BHA220129)。

摘　　要：思维的深度发展是创新型人才培养之路的应有之义。学源于思,思源于疑,开展高阶思维教学的课堂当以高阶问题为动力,以思维对话为载体。研究聚焦于课堂中的高阶问题,依循数据—证据—行动的循证实践与跃迁过程,基于一定的筛选标准与方法,历经样本筛选、问题提取、标注与存储等流程,从纵向追踪的5000余份教案文本中筛选出1055份教案文本及3042条高阶问题数据并建立文本语料库,采用质性分析方法通过开放性编码、主轴性编码、选择性编码等证据创制的实证分析过程,识别出包括目标、认知、内容与类型在内的高阶问题四维特征及其关系框架,并依据循证结果,提出高阶问题设计策略的优化方案,为提升教师高阶问题设计能力提供理论支持和实践指导。The in-depth development of thinking is an essential requirement for cultivating innovative talents.Learning stems from thinking and thinking originates from doubt.High-order thinking instruction in the classroom should be driven by higher-order questions and carried out through thinking dialogues.The study focuses on higher-order questions in the classroom,and follows the evidence-based practice and leapfrogging process of data-evidence-action.Based on certain screening criteria and methods,1055 lesson plans and 3042 higher-order questions were screened out and a text corpus was built from more than 5000 longitudinally-tracked lesson plans,through processes including sample screening,question extraction,annotation,and storage.The study adopted qualitative analysis methods to identify the four-dimensional feature of higher-order questions and their relationship framework including goals,cognition,content and types through an empirical analysis process involving evidence creation such as open coding,axial coding and selective coding.According to the evidence-based results,an optimized plan for the design strategy of higher-order questions is proposed to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for improving teachers'ability to design higher-order questions.

关 键 词：高阶问题 教案 文本语料库 循证 特征识别 策略优化 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]