高速动车组异常振动影响因素分析  

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Abnormal Vibration of High-speed EMUs

作　　者：傅双波 谢名源 吴克明 廖小东 罗光兵 祁亚运 FU Shuangbo;XIE Mingyuan;WU Keming;LIAO Xiaodong;LUO Guangbing;QI Yayun(China Railway Shanghai Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200071,China;State Key Laboratory of Rail Transit Vehicle System,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China;School of Mechatronics and Vehicle Engineering,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路上海局集团有限公司,上海200071 [2]西南交通大学轨道交通运载系统国家重点实验室,四川成都610031 [3]重庆交通大学机电与车辆工程学院,重庆400074

出　　处：《铁道车辆》2025年第2期170-177,共8页Rolling Stock

基　　金：中国铁路上海局集团有限公司科研计划(2023088)。

摘　　要：我国高速线路运营里程长,跨区域大,动车组运营环境复杂。针对我国高速动车组服役过程中的异常振动现象,文章首先通过现场测试了车轮、钢轨廓形以及车辆平稳性指标等,并建立高速动车组模型,着重分析了轮轨型面磨耗、线路轨道激励以及抗蛇行减振器悬挂参数对车辆异常振动影响。从结果可知:动车组抖车预警大体上发生在镟后9万~25万km,等效锥度分布在0.30~0.37区间,动车组在15万~20万km抖动更加集中。轮轨型面磨耗是动车组异常振动的主要因素,此外,轨道谱也会对车辆异常振动造成影响,针对轮轨系统开展精准维护策略,优化抗蛇行减振器参数可以对异常振动起到抑制作用。China’s high-speed EMUs operate over long distances and traverse extensive regions,resulting in a complex operating environment.In order to address the issue of abnormal vibration in high-speed EMUs during operation,this paper conducts field tests on wheels,rail profile,and stability index,and establishes the high-speed EMU model.It rigorously examines the impact of wheel-rail profile wear,track excitation,and the suspension parameters of the yaw damper on the abnormal vibration of vehicles.Test results indicate that the alert of EMU jitter typically occurs between 90000 km and 250000 km after turning and repairing.The equivalent conicity is evenly distributed between 0.30 and 0.37,while the jitter of EMU is more concentrated between 150000 km and 200000 km.Wheel/rail profile wear is the main cause of EMU abnormal vibration.Besides,the track irregularities also affect the vibration of vehicles.The wheel-rail system requires precise maintenance,and it is possible to reduce abnormal vibration by optimizing the parameters of the yaw damper.

关 键 词：高速动车组 异常振动 轮轨磨耗 等效锥度 抑制措施 

分 类 号：U270.1[机械工程—车辆工程]