学历竞争与青年幸福感:职业教育的理论价值与实证考察  

Academic Competition and Youth Well-being:Theoretical Value and Empirical Examination of Vocational Education

作　　者：张燕[1,2] 周小李 ZHANG Yan;ZHOU Xiaoli(Central China Normal University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070;Nanyang Vocational College of Agriculture,Nanyang,Henan 473000)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学,湖北武汉430070 [2]南阳农业职业学院,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《湖北开放大学学报》2025年第2期34-42,共9页Journal of Hubei Open University

基　　金：国家社会科学基金教育学一般项目“乡村振兴战略中的教育与代际流动研究”(BFA180069);河南省哲学社会科学教育强省研究项目“加速时代职业教育人才培养优化路径研究”(2025JYQS0764)。

摘　　要：随着社会的加速发展,学历水平与青年幸福感的关系亟待新的实证检验。研究以接受高等教育的青年为考察对象,基于中国综合社会调查(CGSS)最新数据,探讨学历水平与青年幸福感的关联。结果显示,受高等教育青年群体的总体幸福感均值较高,但不同学历层次(专科、本科、研究生)青年的幸福感差异并不显著,即学历提升未显著增强其幸福感。进一步分析发现,工作满意度对青年幸福感产生最显著的正向影响,且影响强度最大。研究结论揭示了职业教育的独特优势,并为其优化发展提出以下路径:加强职业教育与产业发展的深度融合;为学生提供个性化的职业规划与就业指导;培养学生综合素质与专业技能;推动职业教育与终身学习理念有机结合;强化政策支持与社会宣传,提升职业教育的社会认可度。With the accelerated development of society,the relationship between academic level and youth well-being is in urgent need of new empirical examination.This study investigates the relationship between educational attainment and subjective well-being among Chinese youth using recent China General Social Survey(CGSS)data,revealing three key findings:first,while higher education students report relatively high happiness levels overall,no significant well-being differences emerge across vocational,undergraduate,and postgraduate groups;second,job satisfaction emerges as the strongest predictor of youth happiness,outweighing academic credentials;third,vocational education demonstrates unique value in fostering career readiness and life satisfaction.Based on these findings,we propose five strategic pathways to optimize vocational education:deepening industry-education integration to enhance labor market alignment;implementing personalized career guidance systems;developing comprehensive professional competencies;incorporating lifelong learning frameworks,and strengthening policy support and public awareness campaigns,highlighting vocational education's potential to serve as an effective alternative to traditional academic pathways in promoting youth well-being and career success.

关 键 词：青年 幸福感 学历 工作满意度 职业教育 

分 类 号：G648.2[文化科学—高等教育学]