铁路餐饮服务单位食品安全风险现状及对策研究  

Study of Current Situation and Countermeasures of Food Safety Risks in Railway Catering Service Units

作　　者：兰天翔 张敬 王振 李爱君 代世娥 陶明锐 LAN Tianxiang;ZHANG Jing;WANG Zhen;LI Aijun;DAI Shi’e;TAO Mingrui(Labor and Health Department,China Railway Jinan Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan Shandong 250001,China;Jinan Railway Health Supervision Institute,China Railway Jinan Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan Shandong 250001,China;Jinan Railway Disease Prevention and Control Center,China Railway Jinan Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan Shandong 250001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路济南局集团有限公司劳动和卫生部,山东济南250001 [2]中国铁路济南局集团有限公司济南铁路卫生监督所,山东济南250001 [3]中国铁路济南局集团有限公司济南铁路疾病预防控制中心,山东济南250001

出　　处：《铁路节能环保与安全卫生》2025年第2期49-54,共6页Railway Energy Saving & Environmental Protection & Occupational Safety and Health

基　　金：济南局集团公司资助项目(2024Z10)。

摘　　要：了解铁路餐饮服务单位食品安全状况,为确保广大旅客和职工的饮食安全提供依据。对1 547户次的餐饮服务单位监督检查文书和报表进行分析,依据《餐饮服务监督检查要点表》进行食品安全问题汇总分析。结果表明,食品原料控制、加工制作过程、餐饮具清洗消毒等问题位列前三,站段餐饮服务单位不符合率(19.12%)高于车站餐饮服务单位(13.88%)(P<0.05)。与车站餐饮服务单位比较,站段餐饮服务单位在“发现使用未经清洗消毒的餐饮具”等5个重点项不符合率较高(P<0.05),“专间及专用操作区的标识、设施、人员及操作不符合要求”重点项不符合率较低(P<0.05)。从经营成本、食品加工区域布局和设施配置、加工过程规范性、从业人员用工情况等方面分析影响铁路食品安全的主要因素,提出防范对策与建议。To understand the food safety status of railway catering service units,and provide the basis for ensuring the food safety and health rights of passengers and employees.The group analyzed the supervision and inspection documents of 1547 catering service units,and classified and summarized the food safety problems according to provisions of the"Key Points for Supervision and Inspection of Catering Services".The top three issues of catering service units are food raw material control,food processing,and disinfection of dining utensils.The inconsistent rate of transportation station catering service units(19.12%)is higher than that of railway station catering service units(13.88%)(P<0.05);Compared with railway station catering service units,transportation station catering service units have a higher inconsistent rate in five key areas,including"discovering the use of unwashed and unsterilized tableware"(P<0.05),and have a lower inconsistent rate in the key item"the labeling,facilities,personnel,and operations in the dedicated room and operation area which do not match the requirements"(P<0.05).Then the main factors affecting railway food safety are analyzed from the aspects of operating cost,food processing regional layout and facilities configuration,standardization of processing process,employment situation of employees and preventive countermeasures and suggestions are put forward.

关 键 词：铁路 餐饮服务 食品安全 风险防范 监督管理 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]