晚清易学的分裂及其近代转型  

The Split of the Changes Scholarship in the Late Qing dynasty and Its Modern Transformation

作　　者：胡飞林 HU Fei-lin

机构地区：[1]同济大学人文学院,上海200092

出　　处：《周易研究》2025年第2期52-60,共9页Studies of Zhouyi

摘　　要：晚清易学历经汉宋对峙与融合、今古文之争及西学融入等学术思潮的冲击与碰撞,呈现出繁复多变的学术面貌。简言之,汉宋易学由对峙走向合流,终因缺乏方法与理论的建构而逐步式微,同时,今文经学家不守成法的经学观念,重塑着晚清易学的诠释路径。古文经学家章太炎、刘师培承续“六经皆史”论,从经史同源的角度夷易学于史学,易学的史学化转向从根本上动摇了传统易学的根基。张之锐《易象阐微》一书综合运用近代科学知识治《易》,在象、理方面突破了旧有的研究框架和知识体系,成为科学易的先锋之作。今文经学家的疑古精神与古文经学家的史学思路成为古史辨易学及唯物史观易学兴起的关键性因素,而晚清学者以会通中西的方法阐释《周易》,预示着传统易学的近代转轨。晚清易学的复杂面相和多重路径对民国以来的易学发展及现代转型产生了深远影响。The Changes scholarship in the late Qing dynasty(1644-1911),after going through the impact and collision of academic trends such as the confrontation and integration of Changes scholarship of the Han(202BCE-220CE)tradition and Song(960-1279)tradition,the debate over ancient Chinese literature,and the integration of Western learning,presented a complex and varied academic landscape.In short,the Han and Song Changes traditions went from confrontation to convergence,and gradually declined due to the lack of methodological and theoretical construction.At the same time,scholars of New Text School who do not adhere to the notions of conventional Confucian classics were reshaping the interpretive path of the late Qing Yi studies.Scholars of Old Text School such as Zhang Taiyan(1869-1936)and Liu Shipei(1884-1919)succeeded the theory of“the Six Confucian Classics are all attributed to history”and the perspective of the same origin of Confucian studies and historiography,the Yijing studies was thus integrated into historiography,which fundamentally shook the foundation of traditional scholarship on the Changes.Zhang Zhirui’s(d.1924)Yixiang chanwei(Elucidation of the Subtlety of the Images in the Changes)comprehensively applied modern scientific knowledge to Changes scholarship,breaking through the old research framework and knowledge system in terms of images and principles,and becoming a pioneering work of modern scientific approach to the Changes.The skeptical spirit of scholars of New Text school and the historical thinking of scholars of Old Text school became key factors in the rise of the School of Doubting Antiquity and the school approaching the Changes from perspectives of historical materialism.In the late Qing dynasty,scholars interpreted the Changes through using a method that integrates Chinese and Western disciplines,foreshadowed the modern transition of traditional Yi studies.The complex aspects and multiple paths of Yi studies in the late Qing dynasty exerted far-reaching influence upon the developmen

关 键 词：晚清 易学 汉宋 今文 古文 西学 近代 

分 类 号：B25[哲学宗教—中国哲学]