仿蝴蝶扑翼前飞升力及推力特性的数值仿真研究  

Numerical Simulation Study of Lift and Thrust Characteristics of Butterfly-like Flapping-wing in Forward Flight

作　　者：张悦 褚松涛 吴江浩[1] 周超 ZHANG Yue;Chu Songtao;WU Jianghao;ZHOU Chao(School of Transportation Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Hangzhou International Innovation Institute of Beihang University Low-altitude VehicleSystems Laboratory,Hangzhou 311115,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]杭州市北京航空航天大学国际创新研究院(学院)低空运载系统科教平台,杭州311115

出　　处：《无人系统技术》2025年第2期57-70,共14页Unmanned Systems Technology

基　　金：北京航空航天大学青年拔尖人才支持项目(YWF-22-L-1238)。

摘　　要：对仿蝴蝶扑翼前飞的气动力产生机理进行研究,并探究了拍动幅度、拍动角平均位置等运动参数对扑翼升力及推力特性的影响。基于蝴蝶翅膀建立简化的扑翼几何和运动模型,通过计算流体力学仿真方法分析了仿蝴蝶扑翼的气动力产生特点及流场变化过程,讨论了拍动幅度、拍动角平均位置对扑翼气动力的影响规律并解释其成因。结果表明,仿蝴蝶扑翼主要由下拍产生升力,由上拍产生推力;在所研究的参数变化范围,拍动幅度主要影响扑翼瞬时气动力系数的峰值大小,随拍动幅度增大,扑翼产生的升力逐渐减小,推力先减小后增大;拍动角平均位置通过影响扑翼产生气动力的合力方向来对升推力产生影响,随拍动角平均位置增大,扑翼产生的升力逐渐减小,而推力逐渐增大,推力的变化幅度约为升力的7倍。A study is conducted on the aerodynamic force generation mechanism of bionic butterfly flapping wings in forward flight,investigating the effects of motion parameters including flapping amplitude and mean flapping angle position on lift and thrust characteristics.A simplified flapping wing geometric and kinematic model based on butterfly wings is established.Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulations are employed to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics and flow field evolution of the bionic flapping wings.The influence patterns of flapping amplitude and mean angle position on aerodynamic forces are systematically discussed with mechanistic explanations.Results demonstrate that:the bionic flapping wing primarily generates lift during downstroke and thrust during upstroke;within the studied parameter range,flapping amplitude predominantly affects peak values of instantaneous aerodynamic coefficients—increasing amplitude gradually reduces lift while thrust first decreases then increases;the mean flapping angle position modulates lift-thrust balance by altering the resultant force direction—higher mean angles progressively decrease lift and increase thrust,with thrust variation amplitude being approximately sevenfold that of lift.

关 键 词：微型飞行器 仿生设计 蝴蝶飞行 扑翼 气动力 计算流体力学 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]