改良PBL教学法在口腔修复基地住院医师规范化培训中的应用前景  

Application prospect of modified PBL in the standardized training of prosthodontics residents

作　　者：宋芳芳[1] 杨宏业[1] 黄翠[1] Song Fangfang;Yang Hongye;Huang Cui(State Key Laboratory of Oral&Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration,Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education,Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology,School&Hospital of Stomatology,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]口颌系统重建与再生全国重点实验室,口腔生物医学教育部重点实验室,口腔医学湖北省重点实验室,武汉大学口腔医学院,武汉430079

出　　处：《口腔颌面修复学杂志》2025年第3期221-226,共6页Chinese Journal of Prosthodontics

摘　　要：口腔修复医师通常是口腔诊疗计划的决策者,同时也是口颌系统功能和美学的实践者。作为口腔住院医师培训(住培)体系中的重要组成部分,口腔修复专业的临床工作具有复杂性和多样性,这对住培学员提出了更高要求。如何高效完成住培目标,促使学员迅速成长为合格的口腔修复医师,已成为规范化教学的核心议题。本研究基于我院口腔修复基地住培教学现状及临床诊疗特点,重点关注提升住院医师“六大核心竞争力”,我们创新性地对传统以问题为基础的学习(PBL)教学法进行了基于临床真实情景的改良,提出了“五阶段”课程实施方案。该改良PBL教学法以临床真实患者为研究对象,在教学小组监督和指导下,强调住院医师的主体地位,通过系统梳理患者主诉与非主诉问题,融合理论知识制定诊疗方案,并最终通过临床实践进行验证与完善。这一教学方法有效激发了住院医师的自主学习潜能,培养其终生学习能力,实现了从“授人以鱼”到“授人以渔”的转变。本文旨在分享改良PBL教学法在口腔修复住培教学中的应用经验及推广前景,期望在“新医科”背景下,为住培体系探索形成新的范例,并促进住院医师的成长与发展。Standardized resident training(SRT)is a crucial stage in the postgraduate education of medical students.The Department of Prosthodontics serves as an important professional base in oral resident training,where clinicians encounter a diverse and complex range of patients,posing significant challenges in determining diagnosis and treatment plans.Prosthodontists often function as the planner of oral sequential treatment and practitioners of orofacial system functionality and aesthetics.Therefore,it is imperative for training bases to prioritize standardized teaching methods that enable resident trainees to fulfill their training objectives promptly and develop into qualified prosthodontists.This study,incorporating the current status of prosthodontic resident training and clinical diagnostic features,aims to cultivate the"six core competencies"of residents by innovatively refining the traditional Problem-Based Learning(PBL)approach.This modified PBL approach takes real clinical patients as the research subjects and revolves around the residents,who,under the supervision and guidance of an instructor team,carefully sort through patients'chief complaints and non-chief complaints.Through recalling theoretical knowledge,residents formulate treatment plans,which are subsequently executed through clinical skill practices.This teaching methodology effectively stimulates residents'autonomous learning enthusiasm,enhances their lifelong learning capabilities,and empowers them with the tools to learn independently.This paper comprehensively reviews the effective dissemination of the modified PBL teaching method in resident training,providing a theoretical basis for its widespread adoption in prosthodontic resident training programs.

关 键 词：住院医师规范化培训 教学方法 PBL教学法 核心胜任力 

分 类 号：R783.3[医药卫生—口腔医学]