基于运动副自由度优化配置的机构自调性设计研究  

Adaptability Mechanism Design Based on Optimal Configuration of Kinematic Pair Freedoms

作　　者：李太福[1] 黄茂林[1] 杜力[2] 向成宣[3] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学机械工程学院,重庆市400044 [2]重庆工商大学机械与包装工程学院,重庆市400033 [3]重庆通信学院电力工程及自动化系,重庆市400035

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2003年第23期2049-2052,共4页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50075087)

摘　　要：针对机构动力性能对形位误差敏感的问题,通过约束分析,发现普遍使用的平面闭链机构在理想平面约束条件下存在对机构工作性能不起作用的过约束,并导致机构系统对制造误差很敏感,要求很高的制造精度。为此,以曲柄导杆机构为例,阐述如何配置机构的约束和自由度,设计自调性机构。结果表明所得到的自调机构可大幅度降低机构对误差的敏感度,降低生产成本,减轻装配难度,提高机构的传动效率、使用寿命和对环境的适应能力。从机构的结构因素上消除了误差对机械品质的影响,大大提高了其稳健性。Aimed at problems of applying structureoptimization to decrease sensitivity of shape and positionerrors affecting mechanism dynamic performance,through constraint analysis it was discovered that planarclosed chain mechanism which is subjected to ideal plane,has normally overconstraints and no effect on perfor-mance of the mechanism. This kind of overconstraints re-sulted that the system is very sensitive to manufacturingerrors, thus very high manufacturing precision isreguired. Therefore,correctly configuring constraints andfreedoms, and designing adjustable mechanisms, thesemethods will decrease sensitivity resulted from errors af-fecting mechanism performance obviously, reduce manu-facture costs and assembly difficulties,improve transmis-sion efficiency, enhance adaptive performance to environ-ment, and prolong life cycle. In this way,the effects onmachine quality will be eliminated, which are caused byerrors, including manufacturing errors, assembly errorsand working conditions, so the whole mechanism's ro-bustness has been improved obviously.

关 键 词：稳健设计 机构 动力性能 形位误差 过约束 自由度 优化 运动副 自调性设计 

分 类 号：TH112[机械工程—机械设计及理论]