非饱和土中镉离子迁移规律的实验研究  

Experimental analysis of cadmium ion transport through unsaturated soils

作　　者：崔凯[1] 李宝元[2] 李兴斯[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学工业装备结构分析国家重点实验室,大连116023 [2]大连理工大学工程力学系,大连116023

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2003年第6期725-731,共7页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：欧共体国际科学合作基金资助项目(CII CT94 0014)

摘　　要：　采用实验室土柱法研究了重金属镉离子在非饱和土壤中的迁移规律。通过微机控制真空系统,使得土柱出流端维持稳定负压,从而使土样获得比单靠重力自流更低的饱和度。实验过程通过分时加污及加水,模拟了实际污染及清洗过程。针对9种来自比利时和葡萄牙的土样进行了实验,得到了相应的穿透曲线。在实验结果及有限元法正演的基础上,利用梯度正则化方法反演确定镉离子在相应非饱和土样中迁移的相关参数:纵向弥散度、吸附速度、裂解速度和相对最大沉淀量,得到了具有应用价值的参数结果。The procedure of heavy metal cadmium ion transport through unsaturated soils was simulated by virtue of laboratory soil column tests. By using a vacuum system controlled by PC, steady negative pressure can be held at the outflow end of soil column; low moisture of soils can be obtained in this system. Contaminant and water were supplied in turn at the inflow end of soil column, which can simulate the procedure of polluting and washing. Nine soils samples, which were imported from Belgium and Portugal, were concerned in the experiment totally, part of the results (BTCs) was presented. Based on the experimental results and FEM computation, five parameters, i.e. the longitudinal dispersivity, the sorption distribution coefficient, the precipitating rate, the dissolving rate and the maximum precipitation were inversed by using the gradient regularization method. The result of this experiment and the values of parameters can be used as a reference for practical application.

关 键 词：非饱和土 镉离子迁移 对流扩散 参数反演 纵向弥散度 吸附速度 裂解速度 环境污染 

分 类 号：X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学] P342.1[天文地球—水文科学]